This city’s hyper-segregation can be measured through isolation which works hand to hand with clustering and as well as centralization. When it comes to isolating racial groups it is like to keep these groups away from society: “we can group them all together in one spot so there can be easy control over these groups and away from what we have through segregation” that’s when clustering comes into play and grouping of races begins. It’s as if racial groups are forced to live with people of the same race because they do not have a choice. And the toxic effects of segregation multiply because isolation intensifies. That is how students of color enroll into school, because either they have to because it makes sense to go to a school close to where they live, or it is because they know they cannot attend another school that does not have many other students of their race because isolation will take place. You also have centralization, which is the degree to which minority members are settled in and around the center of an urban area. It’s like corning people of color into where the most violence and crime is known to be at (urban areas). That type of control on races is how people of color are forced to work in low paying jobs, force to live in poorer neighborhoods, and ultimately attend poorer schools that could probably care less if students of color prosper in …show more content…
It is because of the Labeling Theory/ Self-Fulfilling Prophecy. If someone is repeatedly being told they are bad and are meant to do bad things for almost their whole life, that someone will fulfill that behavior and engage as what is expected of them. In reference to the Labeling Theory, if students of color are often told they will never graduate or will never attend college, how do people expect them thrive? This kind of labeling does not even have to be verbal for people of color to translate. It can be actions. For instance, it could be punishing students of color more harshly than students of non-color, or not giving them the proper resources that other schools receive, or even the excessive presence of law enforcement/prison procedures. According to the Civil Rights Data Collection, black students are more often to be suspended, and this starts off at a fairly young age. “In preschool, black kids were 3.6 times more likely to be suspended than white kids. In K through 12, black students were 3.8 times more likely to be suspended,” (Ahmed, 2016). Even more so, high school students of color are not being pushed to advance in their academics. The CRDC also found that schools with “large numbers of black and Latino students offered fewer classes in calculus, algebra II, chemistry and physics. This was the case with gifted classes too. Blacks and Latinos made up 42% of the student body in schools with