The term specialist was coined at the turn of the twentieth century and was used to designate nurses who had completed a graduate degree in a clinical specialty. The contemporary term is used for advanced practice hierarchical movement that encompassing post graduate education with in nursing rather a simple expansion of expertise by development of knowledge and skills …show more content…
The National Institute of Medicine (NIH) addressed all safety and technology in the health care system. The NIH Future of Nursing report noted that nurses interact with patients gather information that potentially reduce many medical errors and improve patient outcomes (Swenty & Tilzer, 2014).
Technology Informatics Guiding Education Reform (TIGER) recognized that technology and NI competencies that all nurses must possess. The skills nursing must possess are computer, information and information management. Integrating these competencies into nursing educations is one of the seven pillars identified in the TIGER ten year plan (Swenty & Tilzer, 2014). Nursing informatics is the joining of nursing science, computer science and information technology to help improve nursing practice. Nursing is one of the largest groups that use Electronic Health Records (EHR) so they should have an equal input on the development of EHR. Nurses should be at the decision making table providing valuable user input. It is known that nurses already struggle to manage the substantial duties of their work; EMR needs to be user friendly and relevant to daily practice. This is where Nursing Informatics specialist (NIS) are a valuable tool, they possess a unique set of skills that provides nursing prospective that is vital to the evaluation and implementation of the EHR. The role of the …show more content…
ACNM also established criteria for accreditation of midwife education programs and national certification examination (Hamric et al., 2014, p. 457). The political actives of CNM have paved the way for many other APN’s. The denial of hospital privileges and attempts to deny third party reimbursement and state battles over statuary regulation of CNM practices.
In 1980 the federal trade commission reviewed two different cases one from Georgia and the other from Tennessee. The FTC obtained restraints against hospitals that attempt to block or limit CNM practice; this ensured that Midwifes could practice. Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services (CHAMPUS now known as Tricare) was the first to offer third party billing to Midwifes (Hamric et al., 2014, p. 10). The pioneering efforts of CNM have help led cultivate a clinical and political climate of acceptance not only for CNM’s but for other APN’s (Hamric et al.,