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“ Chinese cosmology pictured the heaven round and the earth as a stable cube. Space was conceived as a series of imprecated squares, at the center of which lay the capital of the empire strictly oriented toward the points of the compass. And in its center the palace commanded the main north- south axis, facing southward (as did all important buildings) in the direction of the Red phoenix of summer and fire. To the east was the region of the blue Dragon, of spring and growth and the upright tree. In this sector of the capital would be the Temple of the Ancestors. Autumn and its harvest, but also wars, the harvest of men, and memory and regret were all symbolized by the white Tiger of the west, and in the urban layout by the Altar of the Earth. From the north came cold winter and marauding hordes bent on destruction; its color was black. The emperor faced away from it, and in the northern sector of the city, confined behind the palace, would be situated dubious activities including commerce and its
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“The Forbidden City: The Biography of a Palace.” Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York, 1970.
Frank Dorn carefully wrote in the detail of what and why building and decorating were to be put in and how it represent its own meaning. He put a great concerned in religious along with the architecture of the palace.
Fu Xinian, Guo Daiheng, Liu Xujie, Pan Guxi, Qiao Yun, and Sun Dazhang. English text edited and expanded by Nancy S. Steinhardt. “Chinese Architecture.” New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2002.
The authors’ referred to style of architecture in Asia for many centuries. Chinese Architect has had a great influence on the architecture style of Korean and Japanese. This book is more about Chinese architecture, such as, city, religious’ buildings, tombs, and houses.
Kostof, Spiro. “A History of Architecture: Settings and Rituals.” New York oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995. P. 231-233.
Kostof’s writing described the architecture itself along with the background historical story, which included religious and symbol. He indicated the meaning and proposed of builders.
--------------------------------------------
[ 1 ]. * A history of architecture : settings and rituals /spiro kostof, New York : Oxford University Press, 1985
“The Forbidden City: The Biography of a Palace.” Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York, 1970.
Frank Dorn carefully wrote in the detail of what and why building and decorating were to be put in and how it represent its own meaning. He put a great concerned in religious along with the architecture of the palace.
Fu Xinian, Guo Daiheng, Liu Xujie, Pan Guxi, Qiao Yun, and Sun Dazhang. English text edited and expanded by Nancy S. Steinhardt. “Chinese Architecture.” New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2002.
The authors’ referred to style of architecture in Asia for many centuries. Chinese Architect has had a great influence on the architecture style of Korean and Japanese. This book is more about Chinese architecture, such as, city, religious’ buildings, tombs, and houses.
Kostof, Spiro. “A History of Architecture: Settings and Rituals.” New York oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995. P. 231-233.
Kostof’s writing described the architecture itself along with the background historical story, which included religious and symbol. He indicated the meaning and proposed of builders.
--------------------------------------------
[ 1 ]. * A history of architecture : settings and rituals /spiro kostof, New York : Oxford University Press, 1985