Mass Incarceration In Chicago

Improved Essays
This section seeks to examine the history and some effects of mass incarceration in Chicago. When looking at the data it is difficult to overlook the racial disparities. Take marijuana for example. Black and White use marijuana at similar rates. However, those end up being convicted for possession of marijuana in Chicago are mostly Black. 86% of those convicted of marijuana possession in Chicago are Black men (http://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/chicago-marijuana-arrest-statistics/Content?oid=4198958). This may something to with the disproportionate amount of police stops done on Black people.

In a report released in March 2015 the ACLU of Illinois found that the Chicago police stopped more than 250,000 people in the summer of 2014. Black
…show more content…
This was also the first juvenile court in the U.S. as well. This court was across the street from Hull House and was supported and advocated for by Jane Addams and others known as the child savers. (http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/682.html). It was the culmination of efforts by reformists to have adolescent offenders treated differently from adult offenders. This led to the recognition that adolescents are legally distinct from adults and should be treated as such. Hence the calling them delinquents instead of criminals. (https://us.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/19434_Section_I.pdf). Before this time adolescents over the age of seven were tried as adults and detained in jails with adults.
This juvenile court became a model replicated by jurisdictions across the U.S. and around the world.

The purpose of the juvenile court was to rehabilitate the youth who entered and prevent them from becoming adult criminals. The juvenile courts were seen as an intervention meant to alter an adolescent’s trajectory of becoming a criminal. In their beginnings, the juvenile courts were not punitive (http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/juvenile/stats/childadult.html).

However, some skeptics thought that poor immigrant families would be targeted force their children to assimilate. At the time the immigrants living on the Near West Side were Czech, German,
…show more content…
Unless the conversation is about sexual assault: how women become enmeshed in the justice isn’t discussed.

Given how that juvenile court began pioneering the legal recognition of adolescence: it’s ironic the number of teenagers who tried as adults in criminal courts.

It is no secret who is most affected by mass incarceration. In Chicago, black and brown people living on the south and west sides are far more likely to be stopped and arrested by police than their white counterparts..
Besides being black those admitted to JTDC are far more likely to come from families and/or neighborhoods that are highly policed and cycle through the criminal justice system. This is exacerbated by school suspension and expulsion rates of Black and Latino students. This has become known as the school-to-prison pipeline. Black students are 75% more likely to be suspended or expelled compared to their white counterparts. This is cycle is continues because after returning from jail or prison finding a job and stable housing can be

Related Documents

  • Superior Essays

    Parens Patriae Case Study

    • 2290 Words
    • 10 Pages

    The ultimate goal was to not focus solely on the crimes committed by the juvenile, but to assist to their needs and provide the appropriate rehabilitation. In Edward Humes’ book, No Matter How Loud I Shout: A Year in the Life of Juvenile Court, we are able to witness the downfall of such a once, promising system. Throughout the book, the author forms a numerous amount of observations about the disorganization within the system, evaluates those who work for the system, and mentors the juveniles whose lives were spent in and out the…

    • 2290 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Great Lockup The Great Lockup highlights the discrepancies in the criminal justice system that is subject to study in the modern American justice system. It was evident that there was racial discrimination in the investigative process and the eventual incarceration of the people arrested. The statistics indicate that 2 percent of the whites were locked in prison while over 9 percent of Black Americans were locked up. The disparity in the racial composition of the people incarcerated based on race shows that the policy of discrimination in the police force existed and some reform needed to be carried out for correct mechanisms to be initiated for a better future to be realized.…

    • 305 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Just Mercy Summary

    • 1590 Words
    • 7 Pages

    In his book Just Mercy, author Brian Stevenson details many of the failures of justice that he has personally witnessed in his long career as a public interest attorney. Mr. Stephenson relays each case as a personal story. As a reader, I found myself sympathizing with many of the people Brian Stevenson worked to defend. I found myself shocked by how poor and underprivileged people were so often treated horribly coldheartedly by our justice system. Before I had believed our justice system to at least be fair and impartial.…

    • 1590 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The United States has the highest incarceration rate in the world; 2.3 million inmates which equals a rate of 730 inmates to every 100,000 citizens. As Marc Mauer explains our correctional system began with the premise of rehabilitation but has now evolved into a retributive system. Race to Incarcerate A graphic retelling was the collaborative effort of Sabrina Jones and Marc Mauer. The purpose of this book is to explain why the mass incarceration rate has grown to the extraordinarily high level it has. Bringing into focus the very countless social and political policies that have failed us and if this incarceration rate continues: “1 out of 3 African American and one in 6 Latino males should expect to do time”(xii).…

    • 1166 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Procedural Due Process

    • 354 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The Fourteenth Amendment extended the liberties offered federally by the Fifth Amendment to the state level of government, which established the Due Process Clause (Chapman & Yoshino, n.d.). Furthermore, the Fourteenth Amendment guarantees procedural due process, the individual rights listed in the Bill of Rights, incorporated against the states, and substantive due process (Chapman & Yoshino, n.d.). In the case of In re Gault, Gault was confined to an Industrial School until his twenty-first birthday, and the Supreme Court determined the sentence was a violation of procedural due process afforded by the Fourteenth Amendment (Cornell Law School, n.d.). Consequently, procedural due process outlines the processes the government must follow before depriving an individual of life, liberty, or property (Chapman & Yoshino, n.d.).…

    • 354 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The House of Refuge in New York, which opened in 1824, was the first adolescent place of change in the United States. This was the first endeavor to house adolescent guilty parties in a different office and different States, as Maryland, would soon go with the same pattern. In 1899, Cook County in the State of Illinois built up the first adolescent court. Inside of 30 years, basically the greater part of the states had set up adolescent courts.…

    • 300 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    What is even more alarming though, is the number of America’s youth that are involved in said criminal activity. However, as there is with adult crimes rates, there is still much racial disparity among the crimes rates of the juvenile minorities. The Relative Rate Index (RRI) measures the rate at which racial disparity between Caucasian youths and minority youths during specific stages throughout the system (Rovner). In Joshua Rovner’s piece, Disproportionate Minority Contact in the Juvenile Justice System, he stated that “despite a drop in overall arrest rates nationally, black youth are still twice as likely to be arrested as white youth. In 2011, black youth were two hundred and sixty- nine percent more likely to be arrested for violating curfew laws than white youth.”…

    • 1544 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Juvenile law is typically governed by the state and most states set the age for criminal culpability at eighteen (deferring between seventeen and nineteen in some cases) (Walsh, 2016). The founders of the juvenile court saw it as “a system of justice that would protect youth from potential harms of adult court and that seek to not only punish but also to advance the ‘best interests’ of youth.” The juvenile court, unlike adult court, is guided by parens patriae, which is Latin for “state as parent.” The juvenile court is set up to act as the parent and it can punish and dismiss cases how it seems is appropriate, while also seeking to help juveniles in a way that can lead them to live productive lives (Mears, Kuch, Lindsey, Siennick, Pesta, Greenwald & Bloomberg,…

    • 933 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Some people disagree with the fact that juveniles should not be charged in adult court due to the fact that some children go back to committing crimes right after juvenile “rehabilitation”. However, youths are also not allowed to vote or drink. “We know they’re still minors — they’re developmentally less mature and responsible and more impulsive, erratic and vulnerable to negative peer pressure” (Maroney). This goes back to the fact that juveniles’ cognitive ability to distinguish right from wrong behavior can be difficult for them. Take the Columbine Colorado shooting for example, or any school shooting for that matter.…

    • 428 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    To leaders, workers, and interns of CALPRIG, Mass incarceration is defined as a large number of individuals being imprisoned. This definition gives no indication of a certain race, class, or religion being jailed, but we have seen incarceration in America be defined repeatedly by these very topics. Starting in the Nixon era, politicians starting advertising themselves as being, “tough on crime” to win elections and continued to cramp down on all drug related crime. Since this time, we have seen millions of people indicted on drug charges and our prison system is reaching maximum capacity. With multiple new drug laws, it has been made somewhat easy for police to arrest anyone who is involved with drugs and the majority of arrests have come on minority races and people of low class.…

    • 839 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    One of every three black males born today will go to prison in their lifetime. According to Alfred Blumstein, “80 percent of racial disparity is explained by the greater involvement in crime”(51). According to Michael Tunry, “Only 61 percent of the black incarceration…

    • 1575 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    Before this, children as young as 7 who were convicted of crimes were put in prison with adults. The Juvenile Justice system was established in 1899 in the United States. The first case was heard in Illinois. The Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899 created the first juvenile court system with authority and jurisdiction over abused, neglected, delinquent,…

    • 1297 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    And specify on a very ground breaking case for the city of Jacksonville, Florida that is seen as unjust and a young kid who became a product of his environment and a “Juvenile Lifer.” Aside from being arrested, black and minority juveniles are more likely to be processed and…

    • 2175 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Juvenile Justice System

    • 1113 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Jessica May, along with two other authors, says in “Juvenile Delinquency Treatment and Prevention: A literature review” that the first juvenile justice system was established in 1899 in Illinois. The system was a first step toward the first child psychiatry clinic in 1909 in the same state. When the courts were created, there were no restrictions or sentencing, the goal of the courts were to “help the youth return to a healthy path of development” according to May. Gregory Fritz in an article in The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, expresses his opinion that children and adolescents are still developing in many ways. In contradiction to his opinion, May describes that since the recent increase in crime since the 1970’s, juveniles have all legal rights except to a jury of peers and can also fall under adult courts for their crimes. Although, restrictions have become more intense for youth, Fritz discusses that in 2012 the Supreme Court ruled life without parole sentences unconstitutional which is a confusing sentence against the 2,000 juveniles who have already been sentenced to this time.…

    • 1113 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Around 100 years ago, the juvenile justice system was established in order to divert youthful offenders from the courts harsh punishments which has long lasting effects. The juvenile justice system focused and encouraged rehabilitation based on a juveniles individual needs. This system created for minors was to differ from those of the adult courts in a number of ways. Instead of focusing on the criminal act that had brought the juvenile offender into the court room in the first place, this system was designed to focus on the minor or juvenile as a person who was in need of assistance.…

    • 774 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays

Related Topics