The Importance Of Exercise In The Human Body

Introduction: Our modern society is engaged in pursuing a healthy and active lifestyle in order to avoid common health problems such as obesity, high blood pressure, and diabetes mellitus to name a few. Exercise duration, frequency and intensity all are relevant in triggering physiological responses in our bodies. For example, skeletal muscles demand an increase in oxygen and substrates and simultaneously remove carbon dioxide and metabolites (Burton et al., 2004). Furthermore, studies have conducted that demonstrate the peril of living an inactive and sedentary lifestyle. Thus, exercise can strengthen cardiac and respiratory variables by having them become more efficient (Salmon et al., 2003). As one exercises, work rate increases and the body must match the necessities of the respiratory and …show more content…
The decreased in resistance is caused by vasodilation done by specific metabolites like AMP, H+, and K+. Consequently, an increase in blood flow accords with a higher cardiac output that is determined by heart rate and stroke volume. At high work rate, cardiac output (amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute) composed by the product of stroke volume (amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle per beat) and heart rate can reach up to 90% of theoretical maximum value as well as having moderate to high increases in blood pressure. (Burton et al., 2004). Cardiac output tends to increase proportionately with exercise intensity and trained individuals have on average higher cardiac outputs than untrained or sedentary individuals. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP in mmHg) is a value that represents the driving pressure of the pumping heart. It consists of using both the systolic (ventricular contraction) and diastolic (ventricular relaxation) pressures. Since the ventricular diastole lasts twice as long as its systole, the MAP will be closer to the diastolic