Debate Over Free Will Summary

Improved Essays
Chapter nine in Problems from Philosophy by James Rachels and Stuart Rachels titled “The Debate Over Free Will” is about the three arguments over free will. They are Determinism, Libertarianism, and Compatibilism. The Determinism argument is, as Rachels states, that our actions are manipulated by forces we cannot control. The second argument Rachels presents is Libertarianism which states that some actions we freely choose and that we are also not made to do so. The last argument is Compatibilism and according to Rachels, it states that actions are both free and determined. There are problems with each argument and Rachels delves deeper into them. He also provides helpful examples of each argument and their dilemmas. After reading the chapter, I went back to review the segment that said free actions are not chaotic. I went back to come up with a question that was nagging my brain for release. Isn’t the point of free actions the freedom to be unpredictable even if it is chaotic? How can …show more content…
I would say that the chapter was interesting because it caused me to have a better understanding of what free will could consist of. The concept of free will never crossed my mind and it really did not interested me until I read this chapter. I understood that without people thinking that they had free will we would believe that we have no freedom to do as we like. The arguments about free will also interested me because they present problems that lead to an understanding of what free will could be. Although, I did find some parts to be perplexing. I liked the ideas Rachels presents about free will because they made better sense than the arguments. Neither of the three arguments in the chapter are perfect and they also have their own problems, but I think they make sense of what free will can be defined

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    It left so many unanswered questions for the reader, which can be quite frustrating as I have heard from other students. I will be going more in depth with this in the next paragraph. Overall, Barbara Haworth-Attard had many outstanding strengths that made the book worthwhile to read, but there are still some areas that she might want to work on for her next writing…

    • 886 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    It is a book that needs to be read with great attention and thinking to understand meanings and evaluate ideas critically. I personally like this book because it heavily relies on critical reasoning and logic that is back to back like dominos in a line. One point relies heavily on another, and the reader must follow along to understand how each idea connects to the next like each domino hits the…

    • 812 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    While Libertarianism claims humans are capable of entirely free actions several arguments have been in favor of this theory like the argument from experience, the argument that the universe is not a deterministic system, the argument that we cannot predict our own decisions and the argument from accountability but still there is not a solution to the problem of free will. Compatibilism is the idea that an act can be both free and determined at the same time. According to Rachels, Contrary to what you might think, we can accept the idea that human behavior is free while also acknowledging that it is determined by the Laws of Nature. This theory goes through the argument of free will as involving determinism and discussing the problem with Compatibilism, which states that we are free if…

    • 754 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    3. If determinism is true, then we could not have acted freely. To understand the argument, we must first know what “determinism” and “free will” are.…

    • 505 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Psychologically speaking, as humans, we are wired to think that we have the freedom to act and do based upon our own self judgment. For simplistic reasons, let’s assume that this “freedom” is analogous to free will which is a philosophical idea in which to act freely is to have multiple open futures and possibilities, or to be able to choose between many different choices. Determinism is the belief that every event (including action, choices, and decisions) is the inevitable result of a causal chain of events. In other words, a choice with an action (A) is the inevitable result of an earlier action of an earlier choice. This principle presents a problem for the concept of free will.…

    • 1265 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    America, land of the free and home of the brave. We pride ourselves on being unrestricted, we can choose: what we believe (spiritually and politically), what we want to be (career-wise and gender-wise), and where we want to go. But, what does it mean to truly be free? According to the Merriam-Webster the definition of free is, “not determined by anything beyond its own nature or being : choosing or capable of choosing for itself.” In other words, nothing controls people but them people themselves.…

    • 809 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Hello! Rameesha, you have a good point on the free will but lets not even worry about the consiquenses at this time, however, what do you think? if I say that all the actions are not really free will but reactions to the actions performed by the others. And we response to these actions how they are presented to us.…

    • 60 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The problem of free will has and will continue to be discussed as it is near impossible for any one side to prove that their view is the correct one. Due to this, they can only discuss why theirs would be the most logical possibility within the grounds of reality. With this said, I believe that my view of compatibilism within the problem of free will is in fact, a logical possibility. I believe compatibilism is a logical possibility because I believe there are rarely situations in which topics/arguments are so one sided; and that the truth is usually a mix between varies sides. My view of compatibilism encompasses this idea because both determinism and free will are in play simultaneously by having causes produce a variety of predetermined…

    • 278 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    By definition, God is an all-knowing being. This means that God knows everything, even events that will happen in the future. God knows what choices each and every person will make and He knows all of the outcomes as well. This means that human lives are already predetermined. God knows exactly how our lives will turn out, otherwise he wouldn't be all-knowing.…

    • 87 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    I have gained knowledge pertaining the connections and differences between the concepts of free will, determinism, indeterminism, compatibilism, and fatalism as well. Now, I can distinguish between them clearly and I have a good background regarding these concepts. The first thing I have learned is about the contemporary philosophical language in utilizing the concept of compatibilism as big category instead of soft determinism or hard determinism. The concept of compatibilism is crucial to avoid the confusion and keep things straight in our mind.…

    • 628 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Compatibilism Vs Free Will

    • 1546 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Free will is thought of as being the ability to do whatever one wishes. Since free will seems to be one of the necessities for a sense of a moral responsibility many theories regarding it has been formed. One of those views is the compatibilists way of considering how free will functions. Compatibly usually expresses a truth of statements, so that two statements are compatible if they could both be true. Since compatible means co-possible, events are incompatible if they could not occur together.…

    • 1546 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Decent Essays

    I believe that if free will is not a valid factor that criminals should not get as harsh of a sentence, but there should also be strong evidence to show that free will was not a factor. I also believe that rehabilitation classes should be provided so that you can try to reverse the affects of the external factors on an individual so that they may be able to try to function correctly in society.…

    • 75 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Introduction I. In this paper, I will be arguing for the following claim that we, human beings are not predetermined beings, but rather we have free will. It has long been argued that people are not free and do not have free will; that rather than having free will we live in a world that is predetermined. That our choices and actions are reflections of and happen because of a long line of other choices and action that caused the present, and thus we have a fixed future. This is just not the case.…

    • 2102 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    There has been many different theories about the topic of Free will. For instance, does free will even truly exist, is it defined by our own religious beliefs or is it simply brought on by cause and effect. Free will is nothing more than our own personal freedom to make choices in our lives. It can be brought on by an urge or naturally carefree feeling, to be able to choose with out the interference or opinions of others. A free course of action driven by our own means of self gratification for the betterment of oneself.…

    • 1101 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Free Will and Determinism have been discussed by philosophers for many years. Free will is associated with moral responsibility, and alternative actions that “could have” been taken over the one chosen. Determinism is the opposite view, and is associated with universal causation, and a lack of free will. Determinists believe that a person’s actions are inevitable, they are dictated by a person’s experiences, they believe nurture, nature, and even a person’s genes determine their future actions. Because of this determinists believe people hold no moral responsibility for their actions.…

    • 900 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays