Kant And Bentham On Abortion Essay

Improved Essays
Abortion is one of the utmost common, uncomfortable and controversial topic. People throughout the world are pretty much forced to choose a side, but do not realize that there might be a difference between what we think about the law disposing abortion. With that being said, abortion can be portrayed as both morally wrong and permissible. Immanuel Kant and Jeremy Bentham both document this in their theories and beliefs. Kant does this with his deontological theory which describes how morality should be focused on duties and adhere to rules and imperatives, and Bentham opposes this with utilitarianism views, which focuses on the consequences of an action. Kant 's deontological theory and Bentham 's utilitarianism theory both encompass the controversial …show more content…
A fetus’ heartbeat, its ability to feel pain and its ability to survive outside of the womb are very important measures to take into account concerning fetal development and its stages because many ethical discussions arise from this. There are eight practices of abortion that are used today. These include: dilation and extraction (D&X) or intact D&X or partial birth abortion, hysterotomy, the morning-after pill, RU486 drug, uterine or vacuum aspiration, dilation & curettage (D&C), saline solution, and prostaglandin drugs. There has been around a million abortions enforced annually in the United States. Each year two out of every one hundred women had an abortion aged fifteen to forty four and half of these women had at least one previous abortion. Less than twenty percent of women attaining abortions are teenagers, while women in their twenties account for more than half of abortions (MacKinnon 11-2). Hispanic women are twice as likely to have an abortion procedure compared to white women and African American women are five times more likely to have the procedure done. This could be caused by cuts made to family funding including reduced contraceptives, especially with poorer women and families. “The cost of birth control is one reason poor women are more than three times as likely to end up pregnant unintentionally as middle-class …show more content…
Utilitarianism focuses on the consequences of an action. Endowing to the classical utilitarian moral theory, we classify human acts or practices as we consider neither the nature of the acts or practices nor the motive for which people do what they do. This can harvest to one’s action; that a life conceivably is saved, which matters morally. There is no total distinction between what is right and what is wrong based on Bentham’s view, only if the consequences are the highest favorable for the person’s greatest happiness, even including the majority of the people related to this person who is responsible to give that action. Drawing a conclusion about utilitarianism, it is our duty to decide which action or practice is best by considering the likely or actual consequences of each substitute. Since utilitarian people can decline the idea that secure acts are intrinsically good or evil, they are bare to experimentation and evidence, and they are exposed to populous ways of conceiving the goodness of consequences (MacKinnon 5-3). Each case or action stands on its own, according to act utilitarian reasoning. The consequences regulate whether it is good or bad. It is believed that the people making the decision to have an abortion must consider all consequences. The kinds of consequences to consider are positive or negative mental or psychological consequences, financial and social results and health risks and

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    The Ethical Issues Surrounding Abortion The abortion debate is one that has baffled the world for centuries, and in the process has made this debate more complex and controversial. The abortion debate handles the ‘rights’ and ‘wrongs’ associated with the deliberate termination of pregnancy, which ultimately destroys the fetus.[1] Around the world, abortion has become a very sore topic, with many men and women finding themselves in a moral dilemma with regards to pregnancy termination.[2] This polarising topic has either supporters or opposers, with very few that remain undecided. There are two main questions that are often raised in this moral debate.…

    • 307 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    For example, The Center for Disease Control’s Abortion Surveillance Report shows 664,435 women had legal abortions in 2013 (CDC, 2013). Yet, the policy fails to include all women due to barriers. The unintended consequences of Roe v. Wade is the Hyde Amendment and stricter state laws. Frequently, poor women have to forgo an abortion due to a lack of funds (Nash et al., 2016). The Hyde amendment impacts over 3.5 million black women, ages 15-44, on Medicaid (Boonstra, 2016).…

    • 2152 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Women who have at least two abortions have the same chance of fertility of those who had birth. With today’s government monetary standing, people are finding ways to reduce the giving of money to people who do not give back to society. Abortion reduces the use of welfare by mothers who are unable to work because they are unable to put their child in a daycare. The Congressional Budget office researched the effects of anti-abortion bills and found the deficit, which is $13.2…

    • 703 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Abortion and the Overall Decision to be Legal or Illegal This essay will report the different viewpoints of abortions and help clarify what really happens in an abortion. The safety of the mother in both illegal abortions and legal abortions is questionable in certain circumstances. Some procedures may cause pain to the mother even when being performed during the first trimester in safe environments. Public opinion of abortion is like many other controversial issues in the world, mainly based on religion.…

    • 873 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Abortion is becoming more of a thing used by rape victims or women living below or around the national poverty line. With that being said, it is important that abortion or contraceptives remains, and becomes, more available for women living in poverty in the United States. A general stereotype of abortion would be that the majority of women who receive an abortion are single white women under the age of twenty. That may have been the case in the 1970’s when white women, under the age of twenty, accounted for 33 percent of all abortions (Marcotte, 2).…

    • 1670 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the United States, there are many cases of illegal abortions, also known as “back ally” abortions. In many illegal abortions, there are common cases where the child is born during the abortion procedure and is kept in the abortion clinic until the baby dies (Golden 96). In rare cases, the abortionist takes actions into his or her hands and actually kill the baby itself. In other situations, the baby is admitted to the hospital to then be treated with medical procedures, and in more common situations the doctors are required to let the baby die (Jost 778). A legal abortion is when the mother decides to terminate her pregnancy with the help of a professional medical provider (Wanlund 268).…

    • 1565 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Utilitarianism is considered as one of the most prominent philosophical concepts. This model's core perspective emphasizes that actions are ethically acceptable or unacceptable depending on their consequences. Based on this understanding, it can be argued that utilitarians hold that the goal of morality is to improve life by enhancing some favorable things such as happiness in the world while minimizing undesirable aspects such as grief (Urmson, 33). Consequently, the core objective of this essay is to define and critique both Act and Rule Utilitarianism, as well as determine the most practical kind of utilitarianism.…

    • 870 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Not realizing that if abortions are outlawed then the rate of deaths would increase because women who desperately don’t want a child may try to self terminating or seek help from unqualified people. Since the US Department of Public Health evaluates family planning an governmental programs the abortion rate data is relied on, in public health terms (lee&Sprague,2). Instead of outlawing abortions, another way to prevent them is to make advances in education, technology, and contraceptives. The percent of abortions have decreased since it reached the peak in 1984 because people are giving more education, making more technology and contraceptives better and effective. (Rich & Wagner,…

    • 793 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Despite the horrifying reality linked to abortion, the debate about allowing abortion in a moral society has never ceased. There are various ethical theories that would support abortion based on some arguments. The theory argues that the moral rightness is based on the total good the consequences of a certain activity (Sinnott-Armstrong, 1). According to the consequentialist ethical theory, a consequentialist would first enquire on the consequences allowing the abortion and not allowing abortion. The people who support this theory would want to know the action that would produce the greatest goodness for either the child or the mother.…

    • 711 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Immanuel Kant never really got into the topic of abortion, but we can make a moral claim with his rules. You need to respect human lives. The fetus moves and is a life, so it can be debated as a human. Like Kant says, every human has a future. They will have the ability to do something in life.…

    • 899 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Abortion is a topic that is fiercely debated in the United States. The ethics of abortions is questionable and many people dispute if it should be legal in the United States. With so many opinions and perspectives regarding abortion, it is imperative that information is gathered from reliable sources to give an accurate portrayal of what abortion is and how it affects people’s lives. The following examines a website called the Guttmacher institute, that supplies information and statistics about abortions, my previous knowledge on the subject, and thought-provoking facts on the topic of abortion.…

    • 1002 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Deontology And Abortion

    • 1024 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The topic of abortion has been controversial since abortions first started. Everyone seems to have their own opinion based on their ideals and then there are always the odd circumstances. Deontology is an ethical theory that cares only about the motivations of an action. It deals with the motives a person has and whether those intentions are moral or immoral. Also deontology believes that we should resect autonomy which is people’s freedom to choose.…

    • 1024 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Most women or girls who have sexual intercourse use contraceptives and still become pregnant due to malfunctions. About 85% of women who resort to abortion are not married, nevertheless, 51% of those women used the contraceptive method when they became pregnant. Moreover, only 8% of women who are sexually active have never used a form of birth control (U.S. Abortion Statistics). The reasons for these women not to keep their unborn child were: the child would interfere with school or work, they would not be able to afford the child, or they did not want to be a single parent (U.S. Abortion Statistics). Girls who become pregnant at an early age and most, if not all, of these reasons apply to them turn to abortion as a reasonable solution.…

    • 1113 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Utilitarianism is one of the persuasive approaches to ethics in the history of philosophy. It is widely used by everyone on a daily basis but has barely gotten recognition it deserves. Utilitarianism was founded in Ancient Greece but was not popularly used until the 19th century when it was re-introduced by Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. While both men are credited as two of the most influential people in the foundation of, what we now consider, ethical theory. The approach in which we utilize the theory to make decisions is different from each other.…

    • 1521 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    The Utilitarian and Deontological Discussion of Abortion Today, abortion has become a heavily debated topic whether socially or politically since the medical procedure was voted legal by the Supreme Court over 40 years ago. It is defined as the purposeful termination of a pregnancy before a normal childbirth (Abortion: Get Facts About the Procedure and Statistics). Whether you find yourself agreeing with it or not, many people have something to say. Abortion is very controversial because of the discussion whether or not a fetus is a person. Many wonder if there is a morally relevant point at some duration throughout the pregnancy or development of the fetus that could justify having an abortion or possibly not having an abortion.…

    • 1747 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays