During the Civil War, in which Charles’ execution occurred in the middle of, there was no formal King, as the king had been killed and the heir was in exile. Oliver Cromwell, a political and military leader, came to power as the ruler of England during this time. During the civil war, he lead the New Model Army, made up of “Independents” who were to fight against the Presbyterians in Parliament and in Scotland. The New Model Army won and purged Parliament of all of it’s members that did not agree with Cromwell’s views, forming a new Parliament called the “Rump” Parliament, “the Rump proved unruly, and Cromwell dissolved it, assumed the title of Lord Protector of England and announced his intention to rule according to a written constitution…”
