Classical Realism Research Paper

Improved Essays
The conflict between Israel and Palestine has been going on for the almost a century. It initially started when the Zionist Jews immigrated to Palestine in hope of finding a land to create a Jewish state. As more and more Jews came to the area, fighting between the Jews and the native Palestinians broke out. The future Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin said, “As in Deir Yassin, so everywhere, we will attack and smite the enemy. God, God, Thou has chosen us for conquest.” (http://www.ifamericansknew.org/history/ ). Driven by God the Israeli forces launched a two year offensive way which they ended up with even more territory than the United Nations had previously given them in 1947. With United States backing Israel has dominated this conflict …show more content…
Thucydides was one of the first predominant writers of classical realism and his ideas were later expanded on by Machiavelli, Hans Morgenthau, and other important classical realists. The main idea that sets classical realism apart from the other types of realism is the idea that states look to maximize their power due to human nature. As Hans Morgenthau said, "politics is governed by objective laws that have their roots in human nature." (Politics among nations, page unknown). Human nature is flawed therefore when survival is the main goal of a state, conflict is inevitable because a state has no way of predicting the true intentions of another state. This is why it is necessary for a state to expand their power, in order to have enough power to defend themselves in the anarchic international system. Many of these ideas came from Thucydides’ writing about realism in the international system. In many of his texts he writes about how a state’s survival depends largely on their material capability and alliances. More specifically if a state is internally solid with a strong communal identity, this will then lead to domestic stability and more importantly a strong foundation in the international system. However, being a strong state is not enough to succeed in the international world, alliances are important too. Though, Thucydides warns us that alliances can be a …show more content…
Morgenthau agreed with many other classical realists that states in the international system are driven by human nature. Building off of the fact that states want to maximize their power in order to feel secure, Morgenthau says, “The main sign-post that helps political realism to find its way through the landscape of international politics is the concept of interest defined in terms of power. This concept provides the link between reason trying to understand international politics and the facts to be understood.” (Politics among nations). This is the basis of Morgenthau’s approach to classical realism, that nations want to secure their goals and these interests are always defined in terms of power. Countries cannot achieve their national interest without power and states make their decisions based on this need for power. Furthermore this need for power allows one to analyze a choice a state has made or will make in the future. Morgenthau’s post World War II take on classical realism shaped the realist approach for international relations for future

Related Documents

  • Great Essays

    The Pros Of Constructivism

    • 2158 Words
    • 9 Pages

    The constructivist turn in IR marks a shift from the material determinants of international politics to ideational factors, such as beliefs, ideas, and norms. The two dominant theoretical schools in IR, neorealism and neoliberal institutionalism (NLI), share several key assumptions regarding the anarchic nature of the international system, states are self-interested, rational actors, driven by material interests in power/survival (neorealists) or security (NLI). In addition, neorealism and NLI both rely on a rational choice framework borrowed from microeconomics that assumes cost-benefit analysis and utility maximization as the impetus behind state’s political calculus. Although conditioned by the same assumptions, neorealists and NLI reach vastly different conclusions regarding the potential for conflict and cooperation in international politics.…

    • 2158 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Dbq Imperialism

    • 1197 Words
    • 5 Pages

    There had been tension and conflict between the Arabs and the Jews, and between each of them and the British forces, ever since the Balfour Declaration and the British Mandate of Palestine. British policies dissatisfied both Arabs and Jews. The Arabs' opposition resulted in the Arab revolt in Palestine, while The Jewish resistance led to the Jewish insurgency in Palestine. These ongoing tensions erupted on 30 November 1947 into a war between the Arab and Jewish populations in response to the UN Partition Plan.…

    • 1197 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Louisiana Purchase International relations is driven by many things with those things being theories, these theories then for the international events that in turn formed the modern state system that is in place today. The Louisiana Purchase was an even that occurred mainly between France and The United States with some relations with Spain. The Louisiana Purchase and the realist point of view it was completed from was one of the many events that helped formed today’s modern state system. The Louisiana Purchase was a deal between France and The United States that led to the exchange of a large portion of land in the Western hemisphere. France explored the land around the Mississippi River and settled in many different places around the region…

    • 1138 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Ever since there was a rise in anti-Semitism, a man named Theodor Herzl’s dreamt of a Zionist movement where Jews would gain their own separate nation, which soon became a reality in what became Israel. Survivors of the Holocaust would flee into Israel, which triggered anger amongst the Palestinians because they “viewed Jewish independence as a betrayal of their own interests, and they attacked the Jewish state as soon as it was proclaimed.” This would spark a range of conflicts between the Israelites and Palestinians where Israelites continued to gain more territory of Palestine. Since the end of World War II, there were numerous battles between Israelis and Palestinians that stretched to the modern day era where Hamas won the 2006 election in Gaza. Hamas looked to return Palestinian territory conquered by Israel to the people and emitted violence to achieve his goal.…

    • 1565 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Tension in the Middle East has always been present. However, it is recently the conflict between the Palestinians and Israelis have been intense. Their conflict goes back far, constantly fighting over the land. But, it was at the end of World War Two where it has started again. As of now, it seems as though the two of them will never get along.…

    • 747 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    At the end of World War II, 1947 the Jewish State of Palestine established a state of Jewish sovereignty, the United Nations in November of that same year voted to establish the creation of a Jewish state and an Arab state. That was the creation and establishment of Israel. Israel is known as the “Holy Land”, a country of rich history and distinguishable conflict. It is a nation state known for its incredibly notorious history with war, conflict, and strength. Through history religion has played a huge role in development of our societies, and has connected us as global citizens.…

    • 1264 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In 1969, Israel began a war against Egypt, Jordan, and Syria. In the end of the war, Israel had claimed the Gaza Strip, the Sinai peninsula, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights. In the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the Jewish people believe that palestine belongs to them and that they should have a part or all of palestine. However, Israelis already occupy this area and due to this, they are fighting over control of palestine.…

    • 483 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Jervis argues that four possible world orders may arise out of this unique scenario: a world in which national autonomy is diminished and barriers between states disintegrate, a world in which there is more cooperation between states, yet states retain national autonomy, a world in which the United States dominates and acts freely, and a world in which a “counter-balancing coalition” is created to offset the U.S.’s power (Jervis). These four orders represent a significant departure from “traditional” international politics in that the theory that “leading powers always struggle for dominance for gain, status, or security, and are willing to use force to this end” no longer applies (Jervis). To summarize, states no longer have to worry about a fully anarchic world where they must rely on self-help, as Realists would argue.…

    • 1126 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Moreover, politics does or should deal with all elements, as Morgenthau himself believes that “real man is a composite of economic man, political man, moral man, etc” (1993,17). There are many aspects to man, and thus power cannot be the sole tool to analyze international behaviour. Morgenthaus’ over emphasis of the concept ‘interest defined in terms of power’ consequently blurs out other factors that affect and determine the use of national power. No single cause can explain political phenomena. The concept of power does not allow one to wholly understand or analyze pertinent factors of foreign policy, such as a nation’s’ impetus for war, that underlie political phenomena.…

    • 444 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Since the mid-twentieth century, Jews have been migrating to the land of Israel, known by the Arabs as Palestine, to escape the discrimination and persecution they had been facing in Europe for centuries. The Zionist movement began to grow as a result of the Holocaust, as the Jews believe they have a right to their own Jewish state where their holy sites are. However, the Arabs have been living in Palestine for generations, and they are unwilling to accept the formation of a Jewish state because of the Palestinian cultural and ancestral ties that exist in that land. Because both the Palestinians and Jews are obdurate and will not forswear the land they both feel they have a right to, the Arab-Israeli conflict is an incredibly complicated issue.…

    • 1354 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Olga Gonzalez Professor Meyer Pol Sci 7 03 May, 2017 A Realist View on the Refugee Crisis The Syrian refugee crisis has lead to a worldwide issue that cannot be ignored by the most powerful nations of this world. Yet, the world refuses to deal with the refugee crisis since it can potentially change the ideals, values, and image that each superpower portrays to themselves and the globe. A traditional way to look at it is using an open analysis of the realist theory in international relations. A key factor to the realist theory is to safeguard security in ones home nation.…

    • 692 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Realism and the End of the Cold War by William C. Wohlforth argues that Modern realism began in a reaction to the breakdown in the post-World War One international order. Wohlforth’s main ideology is realism and states how the rise and fall of realism has taken place, but stresses that international world events cannot weaken or destroy the realist ideology. The collapse of the great power cooperation helped emerge realism to be a dominant position in international relations. The central question presented in this article looks to seek to ask, did the rapid decline and peaceful collapse of the Soviet State, along with the postwar international order, discredit the realist approach? However, Wohlforth believes that.…

    • 1000 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Realism United Nations

    • 1626 Words
    • 7 Pages

    How Realism Explains the Establishment of the United Nations The theory of realism looks at international organizations in one way; it asserts that international organizations are mainly created to cater to particular states ' interests. Therefore, the UN was established based on particular states ' interests (Mearsheimer, 1995). Furthermore, power, in the realism theory, begins with achieving the goal of state survival (defensive realism) and ends with global hegemons (offensive realism) because the world is anarchic (Mearsheimer, 2001). As a result, realists believe that states are out to maintain power (defensive realism), increase power (offensive realism), or demonstrate power (offensive realism)…

    • 1626 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    According to this theory, states should try to build order under anarchy. Anarchy is essentially a state that is without authority and in realism, due to anarchy they cannot rely on their allies to survive, and instead use an international system of checks and balances among states. The stronger the state, the more power they have to impose order on weaker states; essentially pushing their beliefs onto weaker states. (Shiraev and Zubok.41). Real politik is a policy that is based on realist assumptions that the foundation of a nation’s security is power and the threat of its use- a policy that staes no international order is perfect or lasts forever, when one falls, another rises.…

    • 1429 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    The conflict can be known as a modern phenomenon (Israeli-Palestinian conflict, 2014). After the end of World War I, the land that Jews and Arabs claimed was known as Palestine. Then, following the war in 1949, this land was separated into three areas: the West Bank, the Gaza Strip and the State of Israel (World Report, 2013). There are many reasons that caused the Israel - Palestine conflict such as water and land rights, border security and legalities concerning refugees. However, the most important reasons are the different religions and the control of Jerusalem (What are Israel and Palestine, n.d).…

    • 1409 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays