Theme Of Good And Evil In To Kill A Mockingbird

Improved Essays
Sirius Black once said, “We’ve all got both light and dark inside us. What matters is the part we choose to act on. That’s who we really are.” Good and evil oppose the meanings of one another. Often in this world, people describe others by either all the positive qualities or by the negative qualities, forgetting that nothing in the world is perfect or completely imperfect. Harper Lee, author of To Kill a Mockingbird, uses numerous themes and symbols throughout the novel; however, none serve a stronger than the application of the co-existence of good and evil. The novel approaches this theme through Walter Cunningham, Tom Robinson’s trial, Scout’s school, Mrs. Dubose, and Jem’s exposure to the harsh reality of the evil within those around him. …show more content…
Cunningham was a friend of ours. You told me a long time ago he was,” asked Scout. “He still is,” replied Atticus. “But last night he want to hurt you.” Atticus placed his fork beside his knife and pushed his plate aside. “Mr. Cunningham’s basically a good man,” he said, “he just had blind spots along the rest of us (157).” The passage above between Scout and Atticus expresses how even the people who seem good, Mr. Cunningham, can contain evil within. He became involved in the emotions of the mob, which made him almost partake in an evil action and kill an innocent man. Sometimes others emotions and actions can spark the evil within. By the end of the novel, Walter Cunningham becomes a more tolerant and empathetic man. Jem becomes exposed to evil when Nathan Radley plugs the tree’s knothole with cement. He appears concerned and hurt as to why someone would take away a part of his happiness. Jem felt that in a way Nathan Radley tried to break the only connection between Boo and the children. Jem asked his father about the tree, “Is that tree dyin’?” “Why no, son, I don’t think so…,” replied …show more content…
Why?” “Well maybe it is. I’m sure Mr. Radley knows more about his trees than we do (63).” Scout even caught Jem crying over the tree. The closing of the knothole was perhaps the first time Jem realized that Maycomb was not a perfect town as he always perceived it as. The town has both good and bad qualities and people within it. Jem starts to understand that there is a lot more going on in Maycomb than what he sees on the outside. Tom Robinson’s trial accommodated between two opposing sides. One side of the trial, being the evil, is accusing an innocent black man of an appalling crime. While the good consists of Atticus defending a poor man for a crime he did not undertake. Tom Robinson is a black field hand accused of rape. Even Jem becomes victimized to an extent by his discovery of the evil of racism during and after Tom Robinson’s trial. It was Jem 's turn to cry. His face was streaked with angry tears as we made our way through the cheerful crowd. "It ain 't right," he muttered, all the way to the corner of the square where we found Atticus waiting. Atticus was standing under the street light looking as though nothing had happened: his vest was buttoned, his collar and tie were neatly in place, his watch-chain glistened, he was his impassive self

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    There are many things in the world that we simply can not change, from wanting to change the color of your hair to wishing that world hunger would come to an end, but there 's just somethings that aren’t meant to be changed. Being born African American isn’t something you can choose to be and not be, it’s just something overtime that you learn to deal with, and soon strive. Here you will see the comparison between Tom Robinson in To Kill a Mockingbird and Michael Donald and how a character in a book is so realistic to what actually happens in real life. Here are their stories.. On November 21, 1930’ish Tom Robinson was coming home from work when Mayella Ewell asked him to come inside and help her with a door that she was having problems with.…

    • 1540 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Scout and Jem found out Mr. Nathan Radley was lying about why he closed up the hole because he said he did it because it was dying but when Scout and Jem asked Atticus, he said the tree was in perfect health. “ ‘That tree’s as healthy as you are, Jem.’ “ (Lee 71) One reason why Mr. Nathan Radley lied was because he knew presents that Scout and Jem found in the tree was from Boo Radley. Boo would hide them in there at night or when no one was looking, but somehow Mr. Nathan Radley found out and didn’t want Scout and Jem to have any correspondence with Boo. Mr. Nathan probably lied about it because he didn’t want them to know for a fact that the presents were from Boo.…

    • 235 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    (Score for Question 1: ___ of 9 points) 1. Atticus says that Mr. Cunningham is basically good but has blind spots like everyone else. What does Atticus mean? How is Atticus different from the men at the jail at night?…

    • 1843 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Great Essays

    When Scout approaches her brother and her friend, she recalls, “Jem said placidly, ‘We are going to give a note to Boo Radley,’ ‘Just how?’ I was trying to fight down the automatic terror rising in me” (62). Scout feels the terror because she believes the the gossip and superstition she has heard, but fails to question it and attempt to look at the situation from his perspective. This renders her to unable to practice empathy. When Atticus catches them, he attempts to make them see Boo Radley’s perspective by “climbing into his skin and walking around in it.”…

    • 2117 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Cunningham, she asks about his son and entailment, as if they passed one another on the street. By doing this, he is able to see a little girl treat him kindly, and realizes what the folks of “Ol’ Sarum” are doing is unjust. The internal conflict going on inside Mr. Cunningham is clear. As Scout begins the conversation with him, he “...blinked and hooked his thumbs in his overall straps.” (204).…

    • 838 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Jem feels confused and saddened by the injustice of societal laws after Tom Robinson’s trial. Lee uses a sort of juxtaposing irony to contrast how Jem feels compared to the majority of Maycomb’s white residents. “His (Jem’s) face was streaked with angry tears as we made our way through the cheerful crowd. ‘It ain’t right,’ he muttered.”…

    • 1683 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    After Atticus is assigned to defend Tom Robinson, an African American, Scout asks him why is he doing something people say he shouldn’t be doing. In his own words, “The main one is, if I didn’t I couldn’t hold up my head in town…” (75). This shows that regardless if people think Atticus is doing the wrong thing, he still does it because it’s something a respectful man would do. He shows consideration for everybody.…

    • 1148 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Our whole lives we are taught don't steal, don't cheat, don’t lie, don’t be ungraceful, keep your promises, and don't judge, for this reason one of the most important themes of To Kill a Mockingbird is the book’s moral nature of human beings. Whether people are evil or good is based on the morals we were taught when we were young. Scout and Jem’s perspective is of childhood innocence, in which they predict that all people are good because evil has never affected them. If the story were told from a more adult view, they have known about the evil of the world. As a result of the change from innocence to experience, one of the most important themes is the hatred between the races.…

    • 830 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    The hole in the tree that contained little presents, jems mended pants, and the blanket placed around scout's shoulders, makes jem realize that boo is friendly. But when the hole is covered up with cement jem knows it was boos father nathan, and he wanted to stop the communication between boo and the kids. “... Mr. Nathan put cement in the tree, atticus, and he did it to stop us findin’ things ---hes crazy, i reckon like they say, but atticus, i swear to god he ain't harmed us, he aint ever hurt us, he couldve cut my throat from ear to ear that night but he tried to mend my pants instead… he aint ever hurt us, atticus---” while all the other kids think that boo is some evil ghost jem shows great maturity and understanding in discerning that boo is a kind man who cares about the wellbeing of himself and scout. Its easier to judge someone by their appearance, and reputation, or social inadequacies rather than it is to learn who someone really is, but jem catches on to this at a young age and acts better than an adult would.…

    • 584 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Jem has been exposed to many instances throughout his childhood that could have lead him to losing his innocence. He has always been more empathetic than Scout and, has been able to make connections to more things than Scout has. For instance, before Atticus accepts Tom Robinson’s trial, the reader’s experience Jem losing a piece of his innocence with the realization that Boo is trapped inside the house like a prisoner. When Jem and Scout find little gifts in a hole in a tree, they are euphoric. Neither of the children realize it is Boo providing the gifts until Boo’s older brother, Nathan, fills up the hole with concrete.…

    • 1671 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, explores the role of heroes in unjust societies. The community of Maycomb, Alabama, the novel’s setting, is unjust, with inherent prejudice against many in the society. However, the character of Atticus Finch shows great heroism and fights the injustice that is prevalent throughout Maycomb, chiefly by electing to defend Tom Robinson, a black man falsely accused of raping a white woman. Atticus Finch deserves distinction as the greatest moral hero of all time. He demonstrates heroism by his willingness to oppose tradition and institutionalized racism.…

    • 1318 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Scout explains to Miss Caroline that Walter is a Cunningham and " The Cunninghams never took anything they can 't pay back..." ( chap. 2, page 26 ). Explaining this gets Scout I trouble. After dinner, when Atticus offers to read to Scout, Scout tells Atticus what happened in school. Atticus tells Scout a ' Simple trick ' to getting along with people.…

    • 1168 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    ”(p 30). When Atticus explains the truth about Walter Cunningham, he is trying to make Scout understand that although Walter may seem off, Walter has it differently at home and he doesn 't have the same morals as their family. By telling Scout the truth about Walter, she realizes why she has to treat him a certain way. Lastly,…

    • 1778 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    In the first part of the novel, the first impressions of Radley are made. Though they are not easily forgotten or hastily changed, they are progressively altered as Radley's true nature reveals itself. Evidently, it is Atticus who first tries to discourage the children from their fantasies about the Radleys. However, through the events with Jem's pants, the neighborhood fire and the presents in the tree, the children themselves begin to realize that Radley is more of a friend than a villain. Although Atticus' attempt at dissuasion is not totally successful, it is aided by Miss Maudie who helps Scout make an important realization: "Do you think they're true, all those things they say about Arthur?"…

    • 1616 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Throughout history, society’s expectations have largely impacted people’s opinions and behavior because of constant environmental pressures. The impacts shown throughout movies, books, and history amplify society’s effects on a person’s moral value and beliefs and are created based on set standards. Although many people fall under societal pressures and neglect to stand up for what is right, there are some who try to change society for the good, even if they are standing alone. In To Kill a Mockingbird, Atticus Finch is presented as a moral compass for Maycomb citizens and he bravely works against stereotypes and injustices while facing insults and being publicly shamed. Despite becoming a public target for not following social rules, Atticus…

    • 1576 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays