(Urbancyzk, 2001) Davidson, M., 2014, Zircon Geochronology of Volcanic Rocks from the Trans-Pecos orogenic belt, western Texas: Timing the cessation of Laramide folding, uplift, and post flat-slab ignimbrite flare-ups, University of Houston, pg. 6-22. (Davidson, 2014) Maxson, J., Tikoff, B., 1996, Hit-and-run collision model for the Laramide Orogeny, western United States, Geological Society of America, v. 24, pg. 968-972.…
The Big Bonanza Coast Main Stakeholders A stakeholder is a person with an interest or concern in something. The main stakeholders on the Big Bonanza Coast include retirees, scientists and conservationists, fishermen, surfers and artists, indigenous Australians and tourist and land developers. Retirees are older residents who are not in favour of the development boom, as they fondly remember the quiet town which they moved to. They see the land with an aesthetic value, and find beauty in the coastal landscape and many natural structures, as well as the feel of belonging to a community. The scientists and conservationists are interested in the ecosystem and its protection.…
I didn’t choose readings on The Northern Frontier Spain, but what I know, Spain started moving north soon after the conquest of Mexico looking for wealth and salvation of souls. Christian Indians were sent to the north to assist in the conversion to Christianity. The king of Spain, in 1598 made a decision to settle the lands to the north of Mexico. Spain also sent Don Juan Onate to lead the mission in the areas to the north. Don Juan Onate left Santa Barbara in 1595.…
Intro: Arizona has had a huge amount of change throughout the years especially with agriculture. One thing that stands out would be the evolution of irrigation, especially in Yuma arizona. Yuma arizona has gone from having little to no adequate irrigation to being one of the most successful irrigated farm lands in the country. With having the colorado at Yuma’s disposal, it wouldn’t be an injustice to utilize the river for irrigation. It also helps having tremendously fertile land so that we can produce superb vegetation.…
The Fall River Beds at stop 4 and Sugarloaf Arkose show a sequence of grey and red lacustrine sandstone, siltstone, and pebbly sandstone. The lower portion of this sequence is interbedded with basalt (Olsen et al.,…
Twenty-five million years ago, rolling hills and valleys covered the current Yosemite area, the Merced river flowed through a shallow valley. Ten million years the landscape was deeper and more wide opened causing the whole range…
The Sierra Nevada is the longest mountain range in America and it lies partially within the parks. Along this range lies Mt. Whitney, at an elevated height of 14,491 feet and considered the tallest mountain within the lower United States. In Sequoia National Park, resides another prominent ridge of mountains called the Great Western Divide and it has been posed as the rival of the Sierran Crest. The topography and its gradual formation was the result of the uplift of the southern portion of the Sierra block over an elevation of 8,000 feet during the Plio-Pleistocene time (Konigsmark 2002).…
The isotopic ages of metamorphism from the granitoids suggest that the oldest activity occurred in the northwest while the latest activity took place in the eastern portions of the piedmont. The Liberty Hill is one of a number of these granitoids where we see an early coarse grained facies intruded by a more recent fine grained facies. There is a gradational boundary present between these separate facies. The Liberty Hill has a total of three facies which differ both in minerology and texture.…
Maquiladoras as an Economic After reading lives on the line: dispatcher from the U.S.-Mexico border by Miriam Davidson I feel like the Nogales / Arizona and Nogales borders are becoming one community. For many years the border was less distinct because of Mexicans going over to visit there family and friends and U.S. nationals crossing over to shop and sightsee. But just like everything in the world time changes it. The maquiladora industry bought jobs, environmental degradation, and population growth to the Mexico border sided.…
The first piece of evidence that points to a non-traditional formation of the Rocky Mountains is the rock composition of the ranges in this area. The rock composition in these areas is not sedimentary like we would expect to see in the traditional convergent boundrie folding type of orogenic event. But rather, it is composed mostly of basal igneous rock that seems to have inexplicably risen up from deeper portions of the crust (Pendick and Denial, 1997). The second, and most problematic, question as to the formation of the Rocky Mountains is, how did the mountains form so far within the interior of the continent? The central and eastern portion of the Rocky Mountains is thought to have formed during the Laramide orogeny; which is believed to pre-date the Jurassic and early Cretaceous accretion of the terrenes that make up the North American cordillera.…
Loess forms a “blanket” that covers millions of miles of underlying bedrock. Just within Mesa Verde National Park, there is a covered area of seven percent of the map area (Carrara, 2012, p.15). Colluvium is the third major surficial geological unit within the Mesa Verde area. Colluvium is considered to be “any loose, heterogeneous, and incoherent mass of soil material or rock fragments that were transported and deposited by gravity by slow mass-movement processes, chiefly creep” (Carrara, 2012, p.15). This Colluvium is derived from the Menefee Formation and since this formation weathers so quickly, there is only a small area that one can see this formation.…
The Grand Canyon, as it exists today, is an enormous, 277 mile-long trench carved through the landscape of Arizona by the Colorado River. It reached depths of up to 1 mile, and is as wide as 15 miles in some places. The Grand Canyon was created through the geographical changes brought about by the Laramide Orogeny, a seismic event that occurred approximately 70 million years ago and caused the formation of the Rocky Mountains. Later, around 18 million years ago, the Basin and Range Province was created and began the flow of water through the modern-day Grand Canyon area. Finally, around 6 million years ago, the Gulf of California opened up and sent a large river flowing through the area, which joined with the drainage coming from the Basin…
The movie “Unwasted: The Future of Business on Earth” is about a few people who speak about the amount of valuable items such as food, technology and many more objects that are put to waste. Many people do not understand that the things that we throw away can be use for something useful. 1. There were many interesting parts about this movie. It was interesting to see what a landfilled looked like.…
Moreover, millions of natiuloids are buried in the limestone layer of the Grand Canyon. Dr. Steve Austin, author, research geologist with a Ph. D from Penn State University in sedimentary geology, the senior research scientist in Dallas, Texas at the…
TECTONIC HISTORY The Smackover Formation of Texas is located in the East Texas Basin, in North-East Texas, and is “one of three Mesozoic basins flanking the northern rim of the Gulf Coastal Plain” (Foote et al., 1988, p.3). “Subsidence from rifting and crustal attenuation in addition to subsequent sediment loading results in a maximum of 23,000 feet of subsidence in the center of the basin” ( an idea originally published in Seni and Jackson,1984, quoted from Foote et al., 1988, p.3). The area of the basin valued for oil and gas resources is 30,577 mi2(Fig. 1) (Seni and Jackson, 1984; additionally, the area’s hydrocarbon accumulation likelihood, on the basis of sedimentary rock volume is 64,043 mi2 (Dolton et al., 1981).…