The results of the study indicate lower teacher efficacy, both initially and over time, in the three most advanced teaching standards: Instructional Conversation, Contextualization, and Challenging Activities (Teemant, 2014). Good administrators must build and support a rigorous curriculum and instructional program (ELCC Standard 2.2, 2011). In a time when both rigorous curricula and rigorous testing are evermore emphasized, teachers must know how to adequately challenge students in preparation for high-stakes assessments. As a result, Teemant’s study indicated limitations in the experimental instructional coaching process and a need for restructuring in order to increase overall teacher efficacy (Teemant, …show more content…
Teacher participants noted the significance of the relationships with their instructional coach in contributing to their increased efficacy. By providing individualized feedback and constant support while encouraging reflective practice, instructional coaches created a framework for success (Teemant, 2014). In this way, instructional coaching satisfied both professional and socio-cultural needs of the participants (Teemant, 2014). Fullan (2007) also noted the significance of addressing teacher needs in order to affect change in schools. While hiring an instructional coach may not be an option for some schools, principals should still seek to provide the types of professional relationships developed in this study with the resources they have. By creating professional learning communities and staff mentorship programs, developing lead teachers, and using assistant principals to provide instructional support, administrators can reap the benefits of a collegial