So what is genetic engineering? Also known as Genetic Modification, it is a process that involves manipulating and altering the genetic code of an organism through artificial means, mainly done by humans. It may sound similar to traditional breeding, but it is in fact vastly different. Traditional breeding is monitored and done over an expanded time period with “checkpoints” in between to eliminate unwanted errors that occur during that time span. In addition, it focuses on Genetic recombination, a process in which results from the “exchange of genes between paired homologous chromosomes during meiosis” and rearranges DNA sequence to give different expressions and functions of certain genes (Cooper). In addition, it also can occur between related organisms and their chromosomes, which means that the overall arrangement does not get vastly altered (Martineau;Cooper). On the other hand, genetic engineering, whether it focuses on humans or crops, is a more recently developed practice that was discovered from the creations of Stephen Cohen and Herbert Boyer in 1973, after their experiment that demonstrated the impacts of DNA recombinants; this provided a framework for the current and modern genetic engineering known today (Winstead). Genes from any organism can be inserted into a different organism at random, causing an increase in mutation and an alteration in the spacing and amount of genes present
So what is genetic engineering? Also known as Genetic Modification, it is a process that involves manipulating and altering the genetic code of an organism through artificial means, mainly done by humans. It may sound similar to traditional breeding, but it is in fact vastly different. Traditional breeding is monitored and done over an expanded time period with “checkpoints” in between to eliminate unwanted errors that occur during that time span. In addition, it focuses on Genetic recombination, a process in which results from the “exchange of genes between paired homologous chromosomes during meiosis” and rearranges DNA sequence to give different expressions and functions of certain genes (Cooper). In addition, it also can occur between related organisms and their chromosomes, which means that the overall arrangement does not get vastly altered (Martineau;Cooper). On the other hand, genetic engineering, whether it focuses on humans or crops, is a more recently developed practice that was discovered from the creations of Stephen Cohen and Herbert Boyer in 1973, after their experiment that demonstrated the impacts of DNA recombinants; this provided a framework for the current and modern genetic engineering known today (Winstead). Genes from any organism can be inserted into a different organism at random, causing an increase in mutation and an alteration in the spacing and amount of genes present