In this review the authors explain the anthropological obstetrical dilemma also known as human altriciality. Altriciality is a condition that causes implications in human social and behavioral evolution. Humans are different from other neonatal development. Altriciality in humans is important trait because is an important role in the reproductive and social strategies that weaken the human babies demand (Dunsworth et al., 2012). It is believed that the period of human gestation and altriciality are based on the uniquely of the obstetrical dilemma referred as OD. Scientists explain that OD proposed that Pleistocene hominins confront antagonistic selection pressures, such as locomotors and encephalization, which means that natural selection
