I will remind them that through gangs are currently modified from the old times, severals researchers believe that European gangs are claimed to be the initiators of this type of movement, there are some evidence that roots of the Americain gangs are very old as well: “ The earliest record of gangs ' appearance in the United States may have been as early as 1783, as the American Revolution ended (Sante, 1991; Sheldon, 1898). https://www.ojjdp.gov/jjbulletin/9808/history.html
Subsequently, to support my statement, I will provide the examples from the differents articles, we had as a reading for this week. …show more content…
(Grund and Densley, 2012; Decker et al., 2009)
Like for example ‘Black street gang’, searching “to explore how ethnic heterogeneity matters within such a context.” (Grund and Densley, 2012)
Researchers underline the importance of ethnicity, which may be the source of gang 's specialization. They also underline its overall influence on the gang 's activities, but also members functionalities, the structure of gang, and overall evaluation of gang.
“Although there is no evidence for ethnicity-related specialization of crime, the structural co-offending pattern of the gang’s activities is dominated by ethnicity. Ethnicity matters for who offends with whom. “ (Grund and Densley, …show more content…
There is no national identity for the gang. Africain — Americain gang may consist from mostly immigrants, but also from mostly Americain born Africain — Americain, which may or may not influence their structure, all depends on the importance and the significance of gang 's structure for its members. Several, Mexican gangs may function similarly, while being situated in the differents countries, due to the importance of their traditional and cultural influence. Again, typology of gangs is of the higher importance compare to the gang nationality. (Hagedorn, 2008) p 2
Hagedorn ( 2008) confirms that gangs depending on their physical situations are in high dependence of the local culture traditions and must to adapt to their local positioning. However depending on the territorial location, the activities and the opportunities to exercise these activities are not the same. For example, ( Hagedorn, 2008) said that local gang in Brazzaville ( cent Afrika) have a possibility to be "part of a political militia or armed gang." ( p. 1)
Dependence on the physical location is very important as well, and it influences the gang functionality and development. (Hagedorn,