According to Edmunds (2014) pharmacokinetics is when the action of a medication in the body is study, which includes the process of absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination (Edmunds, 2014). The patient that currently being cared for is a 73 year old female with past medical history of atrial fibrillation, kidney dysfunction and diabetes mellitus. Currently the patient takes the following medications: Pravastatin 10 mg, Lisinopril 2.5 mg, Digoxin 0.125 mg, Warfarin 7.5 mg, HCTZ 25 mg, all of which are taken orally and daily. She also takes Metformin 1000 mg orally BID. Despites taking these medications to control the following diagnosis mention above, the diagnosis themselves may impedes the pharmacokinetic process of these drugs.
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According to the National Heart, Lungs and Blood Institute (NIH) (2014) atrial fibrillation ( Afib) is a heart arrhythmia which affects the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat. Atrial fibrillation causes the heart to contract very fast and irregular, which result in blood pooling in the atria. Atrial fibrillation affects the cardiac system and the respiratory systems drastically because the heart may not be able to pump enough blood to the lungs and body, thus results in shortness of breath, chest pain, dizziness, fatigue. Afib can also leads to stroke and heart failure ( NIH, 2014).
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease which presents with hyperglycemia as a result of defects in insulin secretion and action. Insulin is needed to help metabolize carbohydrates, fat and protein, which in turn provides energy for the cells. (Diabetes Association, 2010). Diabetes mellitus can leads to HTN, vision issues, cardiac problems, and neuropathy. Another risk factors of diabetes is kidney disease. Vitals function of the kidneys includes filtering waste and excess fluid from the blood. With kidney dysfunction the ability of the kidneys to perform such function is …show more content…
Because of patient C.K. afib, which affects the heart pumping ability and thus result in blood flow to the body being affected, absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination is going to be affected, because blood flow does play a role in these processes of pharmacokinetics. Diabetes which can affects her body ability to produce the insulin that is needed to break down carbohydrates, fats and protein that the body cells needs for energy is going to affect all four processes of pharmacokinetic because the body cells cannot function if they don’t have the energy to. Her kidney dysfunction also plays a major effect on pharmacokinetic because with the kidneys not functioning well, medication waste that needs to be filtered and eliminated will not occur effectively, thus affecting absorption and distribution and
According to the National Heart, Lungs and Blood Institute (NIH) (2014) atrial fibrillation ( Afib) is a heart arrhythmia which affects the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat. Atrial fibrillation causes the heart to contract very fast and irregular, which result in blood pooling in the atria. Atrial fibrillation affects the cardiac system and the respiratory systems drastically because the heart may not be able to pump enough blood to the lungs and body, thus results in shortness of breath, chest pain, dizziness, fatigue. Afib can also leads to stroke and heart failure ( NIH, 2014).
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease which presents with hyperglycemia as a result of defects in insulin secretion and action. Insulin is needed to help metabolize carbohydrates, fat and protein, which in turn provides energy for the cells. (Diabetes Association, 2010). Diabetes mellitus can leads to HTN, vision issues, cardiac problems, and neuropathy. Another risk factors of diabetes is kidney disease. Vitals function of the kidneys includes filtering waste and excess fluid from the blood. With kidney dysfunction the ability of the kidneys to perform such function is …show more content…
Because of patient C.K. afib, which affects the heart pumping ability and thus result in blood flow to the body being affected, absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination is going to be affected, because blood flow does play a role in these processes of pharmacokinetics. Diabetes which can affects her body ability to produce the insulin that is needed to break down carbohydrates, fats and protein that the body cells needs for energy is going to affect all four processes of pharmacokinetic because the body cells cannot function if they don’t have the energy to. Her kidney dysfunction also plays a major effect on pharmacokinetic because with the kidneys not functioning well, medication waste that needs to be filtered and eliminated will not occur effectively, thus affecting absorption and distribution and