A Summary On Corporate Governance

Great Essays
1. Introduction
In this report I will be producing literature on Corporate Governance, with particular reference to a public company. The literature review that has been assembled is an appendix to this report.
2. Methodology
In this assignment I have used different resource to gather my information for my main body. The methods I used to conduct my research was firstly going to the city library in Wolverhampton, I researched through numerous of journals and books about Corporate Governance which were very useful to my understanding. I also used online resources to look for more relevant information towards my topic this was also very useful to conduct my research. However, I did a lot of research on the wolf website which in my prospective
…show more content…
This is known as the Principal-Agent problem or the Agency problem. Petrovic and Cerovic (2010) suggest that this problem arises when the owner, or shareholder, of a company is not the same person as its manager. This is because they have differing objectives for the company; shareholders want to maximise profits whilst managers do not benefit from large profits as their salaries only increase ever so slightly, so would be less concerned about the magnitude of the profit of a company. Baumol (1963) discovered that managerial salaries were more closely related to sales revenue than profits. So, managers would aim to maximise their sales revenue in order for them to have a larger …show more content…
The role that Corporate Governance serves is to facilitate effective, entrepreneurial and prudent management that can deliver the long term success of the company (ICAEW). The UK Corporate Governance Code applies to all public, or listed, companies, which must supply information in their annual report and accounts on whether they have conformed to the Code’s guidelines. If a company does not obey the Code’s guidelines, then they must provide a valid explanation for non-compliance, this is known as ‘comply or explain.’ The code sets out good practice covering issues such as board composition and effectiveness, the role of board committees, risk management, remuneration and relations with shareholders (Financial Reporting Council).
The UK Corporate Governance Code was introduced due to the fact that managers often lose sight of the wellbeing of shareholders. This is known as the Principal-Agent problem or the Agency problem. Petrovic and Cerovic (2010) suggest that this problem arises when the owner, or shareholder, of a company is not the same person as its manager. This is because they have differing objectives for the company; shareholders want to maximise profits whilst managers do not benefit from large profits as their salaries only increase ever so slightly, so would be less concerned about the magnitude of the profit of a

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Wesfarmers Annual Report

    • 1648 Words
    • 7 Pages

    As one of Australia’s largest listed companies, Wesfarmers whom based in Western Australia operates in several field from supermarkets, home improvement and office supplies, department stores, chemicals, energy and fertilizers, coal to industrial and safety products (Wesfarmers Ltd 2015). As the result, Wesfarmers is also known as one of Australia’s largest private sector employers and has a shareholder base around 500,000. With that numbers of shareholders, annual report is really important to be made especially for a large company like Wesfarmers. As annual report is consists of information about a company’s activities and strategies which has a primary purpose of its accountability, particularly to shareholders (CPA Australia Ltd 2014).…

    • 1648 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Asic V Goldie Case Summary

    • 1959 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Healey exhibits that many courts see executives, especially directors of public listed companies, as shareholders ' agents, who should utilize their experience and aptitude to administer, assess, and if important, challenge, keeping in mind the end goal to guarantee that administration are adequately satisfying their obligation of care commitments. The final product is that Middleton J found that the chiefs breached their obligation to practice their powers and discharge their obligations with the level of care and steadiness that a sensible individual would in a similar position. The judgment is a solid reminder to executives that they should be effectively involved in the money related administration of their organization. A director needs to guarantee he or she peruses and comprehends the budgetary proclamations, and makes proper request about the data inside those announcements.…

    • 1959 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    This act also put responsibility on the management to establish and maintain internal control of financial reporting which can also increase the credibility of the financial statements and create a sustainable internal control environment. Further, it requires that their financial reports include a statement about their code of ethics of senior management. And the reason if they don’t have code of ethics. I think this can also put pressure on the management to have a code of ethics and to implement those codes of…

    • 508 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Sarbanes-Oxley Act Essay

    • 1173 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Disadvantages may include the cost to begin this process and the reformation of the company in order to be in accordance with the rules and regulations established within the scope of the act. Prior to becoming a public company, private companies are not exposed to the strict rules and regulations associated with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and may not have the appropriate amount of fraud prevention and detection in place. Therefore, creating an audit committee and extending external auditor responsibilities help to embark on a more seamless business process within the company. There are lots of costs associated with this new business venture which impact the newly required roles to ensure compliance with SOX regulations. The benefits can outweigh the costs, but because they are not quantitative this impairs the decision making within the business.…

    • 1173 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Stockholders play a huge role in this organization’s ability to produce and sell the items they prefer. The stock price averages around sixty one dollars and at the lowest selling stock was around thirty three dollars. Dick’s Sporting Goods wants to make sure that they are reliable to their stockholders, so they put all of their information online to make sure all guidelines are met to make stockholders happy with their purchase. Corporate governance guidelines are published by the board of directors to make sure all business decisions and actions are withheld in the correct and proper way. As a board, they agree to the size of the group, which is no less than five, but no more than twelve members (Governance Overview,…

    • 431 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Sarbanes-Oxley Act

    • 884 Words
    • 4 Pages

    It is the most contentious aspect of the bill, where it requires management and the external auditor to report on the adequacy of the company’s internal control on financial reporting (Wang, 2008). One of the issues Chowdhury (2007) raised, about the cost-effectiveness of the bill, is posed in this section as this is the most costly aspect of the legislation for companies to implement. To help ease the high costs of compliance, practice and guidance have evolved to accommodate some of the expensive costs of the Act. The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board approved a couple standards for public accounting firms in the year 2007 to help alleviate these problems. Some of the things that the two standards together would require management to do is to assess both the design and operating effectiveness of selected internal control related to significant accounts and relevant assertions, perform a fraud risk assessment, scale the assessment based on the size and complexity of the company, as well as other steps in this process to conclude on the adequacy of internal control over financial reporting (Virag,…

    • 884 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    There are three different modes of governance have been applied to the board of directors which includes fiduciary board, strategic board and generate mode. In the strategic mode of governance, the members of the board are responsible for making policies and general guidelines under which organization should work to accomplish its mission and achieve its goals. So these governing boards should play an important role in establishing and pursuing directional strategies. The members of the governing board should share their experience and valuable suggestions in the development of organizational directional strategies. They should also responsible for the ensuring the organizational directional strategies are consistent with the overall aspirations of the organizations.…

    • 531 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Nowadays, the commercialization of sports is becoming increasingly commonplace since every sport club would like to generate income to support their club. The commercialization of sports is that aspect of the sports enterprise that involves the sale, display, or use of sport or some aspect of sport so as to produce income. Significant changes have taken place in sport in terms of increases in revenues. (Hassan and Hamil, 2010) Figure 1: Expenses Breakdown from 2008 to 2014 In overall, the expenses keep increasing from 2008 to 2014.…

    • 978 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The ACCT 6120 course helps us learn how the company is governed. The lecture and tutorial introduce and recap a series of accounting, corporate law and auditing theories and practice with a specific case in each class to analyze how the theories apply, which could better help us understand the theories as well as thinking more critically. Before studying this subject, we all think as an accountant, the corporate governance is a little bit far away from us. However, through the content of each week, from the principle conflict to sub-committees and finally CSR, the core of the issue is the accounting information. The accounting information is the incentive to drive the management of company to take some actions, for example, earning management…

    • 939 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Peregrine Fraud Case Study

    • 1216 Words
    • 5 Pages

    In this case, the corporate governance, the rules/laws used by the company are controlled, was lacking severely, laws were broken by the use of fraudulent statements and theft, all of which are unethical. Furthermore, internal controls, are dependent on the competency of the system or individual. Further, internal controls in place were easily…

    • 1216 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    a) The stakeholder theory is a strategy that takes stakeholders into consideration when making decisions to achieve higher business performance. Stakeholders are people who affect and are affected by a business’ performance. Other than shareholders or owners, customers, government, employees, and suppliers are some examples of stakeholders. The theory provides an alternative to the shareholder theory, which states that companies must focus only on maximizing the market value of the equity of its existing shareholders. Edward Freeman, who was the first to completely express the theory in 1984, developed the theory to address that era’s business issues, most of which are related to external pressures (e.g. activism, foreign competition, government…

    • 705 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Fiduciary Duty Essay

    • 1368 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The relationship between a director and a company is an example of a fiduciary duty. This paper examines the extent to which fiduciary duties can prevent directors from pursuing their own interests in a company. Directors have various duties to the company that prevent the directors from pursuing their own interests. The duty of loyalty is the most important fiduciary duty that acts as a defence for the company against unscrupulous directors. It is intended to address the issue of conflict of interest between the directors and the firm.…

    • 1368 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Citic Pacific Case Study

    • 713 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Implementations Citic Pacific should acknowledge the need to change its internal controls, primarily the delegation of authorities among the executives. There should always be a check and balance in the performance of duties, and a separation of authorities between the maker and an approver to keep an efficient control. Furthermore, there must be a change with the way the firm pays bonuses. The management should consider revising its remuneration policy because the performance-based of giving incentives is prone to manipulation and does not comply with the goal of achieving long-term objectives. Recommendations…

    • 713 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    It is well known that corporate governance has been defined as “the system by which companies are directed and controlled. Boards of directors are responsible for the governance of their companies, including setting the company’s strategic aims, providing the leadership to put them into effect, supervising the management of the business and reporting to shareholders on their stewardship.” (Financial Reporting Council, UK Corporate Governance Code) Leadership and Board Effectiveness According to the recent annual report, Diageo has been in compliance with The UK Corporate Governance Code which was published by the Financial Reporting Council in September 2014 until 30 June 2016. In this year, Diageo has 13 board members in total and 5 of them are women.…

    • 1440 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In most companies you must make personal decisions on whether or not you think your choices will benefit you along with the company and others. A study done by the University of Oxford shows that individuals at the top tend to make more of an effort in interests of a group than those at the bottom (Kluger, 2014, paragraph 2), this meaning people of a high titles are more concerned about your needs then someone who may be on the same level or below you. This is just one case of how corporations aren’t always selfish and take into consideration their consumer’s needs. A company is made up of many individuals, these individuals also make up the company and if each and every one of these persons didn’t want to watch their company succeed it wouldn’t. The personal greed also benefits these companies.…

    • 1310 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays