Texas has been a state ruled by different constitutions during its early years. Seven constitutions gave shape to the modern Texas, one under Mexican rule before Independence, one as an independent republic, one more as a state of the Confederacy, and four as a state in the United States. Several revolts challenged Spanish rule during 1811 to 1813 lead by Juan Bautista de las Casas and Jose Bernardo Gutierrez, the latter issued a declaration of independence from New Spain and drafted a constitution. Through 1821 to 1827, Texas operated under the federal constitution of Mexico, which resembled in many aspects the United States constitution. It was composed of two houses, a president and vice-president, and a supreme court. However, the Mexican
