A recent observational study have reported the stone gathering and throwing chimpanzee in zoo suggest humans are not the only ones who can plan for future. In Osvath’s (2010) study, they observed repeated episodes of male chimpanzee named Santino, making piles of stone and picking up a stone and chuck it toward the crowd, causing it to disperse. They found that Santino plans ahead for how he will react to the visitors’ approach to his compound, and that is inconsistent with interpretations that he cached the stones for some other reason and then just happened to have them at hand when he got mad (Osvath, 2010). By hiding the stones and then trying to deceive zoo visitors into thinking that his intentions were peaceful, Osvath (2010)
…show more content…
There is possibility of animals might have been using a set of rules to revisit the location at different rates or could have kept tracked of time in different retention interval rather than remembering the content of a specific episode, indicating that these animals failed to remember features of an earlier event when the event occurred so that presenting non-recollection like memory to work out the task. A study done by Henderson et al. (2006) have supported the argument against this criticism and have proved that foraging hummingbirds in wild are capable of timing interval between successive visits to flower that replenish at different rates, suggesting that the hummingbirds are able to store information about both where and when they ate throughout the day, evidence that this species show behavioural manifestations of different features of episodic memory. In the field experiment, Henderson et al. (2006) tested three wild, male rufous hummingbirds in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Each flower was replenished with sucrose solution immediately after the bird drained it. Half of the flowers were refilled after 10 minutes and the others after 20 minutes. The birds continued to come back to each flower throughout the day; however, they revisited the 10-minute flower sooner than they revisited the 20-minute flower. Returning too early would result in a wasted trip since the nectar won’t have been refilled whereas returning too late a rival may have beaten you there; therefore, precise measure of time intervals would support most productive harvesting of nectar for hummingbirds. The findings have shown that not only were hummingbirds able to recognize the differences between flowers that were refilled with nectar at 10 and 20 minutes intervals, remembering where the flowers were,
There is possibility of animals might have been using a set of rules to revisit the location at different rates or could have kept tracked of time in different retention interval rather than remembering the content of a specific episode, indicating that these animals failed to remember features of an earlier event when the event occurred so that presenting non-recollection like memory to work out the task. A study done by Henderson et al. (2006) have supported the argument against this criticism and have proved that foraging hummingbirds in wild are capable of timing interval between successive visits to flower that replenish at different rates, suggesting that the hummingbirds are able to store information about both where and when they ate throughout the day, evidence that this species show behavioural manifestations of different features of episodic memory. In the field experiment, Henderson et al. (2006) tested three wild, male rufous hummingbirds in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Each flower was replenished with sucrose solution immediately after the bird drained it. Half of the flowers were refilled after 10 minutes and the others after 20 minutes. The birds continued to come back to each flower throughout the day; however, they revisited the 10-minute flower sooner than they revisited the 20-minute flower. Returning too early would result in a wasted trip since the nectar won’t have been refilled whereas returning too late a rival may have beaten you there; therefore, precise measure of time intervals would support most productive harvesting of nectar for hummingbirds. The findings have shown that not only were hummingbirds able to recognize the differences between flowers that were refilled with nectar at 10 and 20 minutes intervals, remembering where the flowers were,