This article named, “Multidimensional Social History of Television” also goes further to discuss how Television viewing during this time had a huge effect on social role in both the family and in the outside world. The sample for the research was 246 respondents, including 65 men and 181 women, where 90 percent of the participants were born before 1955. This research was carried out in the United States where through the use of ethnography, surveys and historical diaries. The findings in this research explain that when several Television sets are available in the home, it causes alienation and individualization amongst family members. Kortti explains that before the video recorder was invented, there were family conflicts due to the desire to watch different television programs at the same time. He states, “Television’s role in setting rules and decision making, creating conflicts, and controlling relationships culminated into what was viewed and how viewing took place” (2010, 298). He also found that viewing as a family, brings the family together where viewing rituals are involved, creating a family bond. He argues that the social life of families depended on Television, where family viewing brought about conversations and discussions. The article is useful and effective to my research, but it fails to address its …show more content…
The author, Livingstone, used other past literature where experiments were conducted. The experiment consists American and British households with family set and without Family sets from the 1950’s to 1960’s. She did not find any correlation between Television viewing and children’s aggressive behavior but she found that those with Television sets at home were more “ambitious with their values”. Due to the act tfhat producers started to distinguish the child audience from the adult audience, certain Television programs became available for different members of the family. She found that the children who viewed Television alone were more likely to be individualized, compared to children who viewed it with family members. Although there was an increase in consumption and consumerism because of TV, “family members were dispersing around the home, developing diverse lifestyle tastes and identities” (2009, 153). In my opinion, the author vividly explains the relationship between Television and family members behavior but emphasized more on children. She argues that Individualization and privatization of leisure (television viewing) may be a positive thing after all, due to the fact that “outside spaces were constructed as increasingly risky for children, home took over as the locus of safety, identity, and leisure”. Television in the United States rose