Tay-Sachs Disease Research Paper

Decent Essays
DEFINCIENCY OF ENZYME beta- hexosaminidase A CAN CAUSE TAY-SACHS DISEASE

DEFINITION: Tay-sachs disease is a rare genetic disorder found commonly in isolated genetic such as Jewish Population. This is also known as a fatal genetic lipid storage disorder in which harmful quantities of cell membrane components named ganglioside accumulate in the brain stem cells, eventually leading to the premature death of cells.
II. SYMPTOMS:
Diagnosis can be confirmed either by enzyme analysis or mutation analysis of the hexosaminnidase A gene.
In the several infantile forms of Tay-sachs disease which is the most common, there is less than 0.5% enzymatic activity. However, there are less several types of Tay-sachs disease with higher but still severely

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Assignment #1: “Curse and a Blessing” Question 1 Jared Diamond, author of “Curse and Blessing”, wrote this piece regarding the disease known as Tay-Sachs. His main hypothesis consists of the idea that Tay-Sachs is prominent in the eastern European Jewish culture, which seemingly has a lower rate of deaths from tuberculosis. Children who receive the homozygous recessive allele gained from Tay-Sachs heterozygous parents, suffer uncontrollable laughter, shaking, muscle control, drooling, sometimes even blindness. This is clearly miserable for the homozygous children, however Diamond exams the idea of heterozygous carriers having benefits from carrying the recessive allele. Analyzing the history of when this allele began to spread, it was observed…

    • 684 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Inside of lysosomes, beta-hexosaminidase A helps break down a fatty substance called GM2 ganglioside. Mutations in the HEXA gene stops the activity of beta-hexosaminidase A, which stops the enzyme from breaking down GM2 ganglioside. As a result, this substance builds to toxic levels, mostly in neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Advanced damage caused by the buildup of GM2 ganglioside leads to the destruction of these neurons, which causes the signs and symptoms of Tay-Sachs…

    • 471 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Tay Sachs Disease

    • 403 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Mutations in the HEXA gene disturb the activity of beta - hexosaminidase A, which stop the enzyme from breaking down GM2 ganglioside. GM2 ganglioside builds up to toxic levels and is found commonly within neurons in the brain and spinal cord (Genetics Home Reference authors, 2012). Continual damaged caused by the excess of GM2 ganglioside results in the destruction of neurons, this causes symptoms of Tay - Sachs disease. Tay - Sachs disease is caused by a mutated gene on chromosome 15. When two unaffected heterozygous parents give birth, the likelihood that their child will develop Tay - Sachs disease is 25%.…

    • 403 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Tay-Sachs disease is a genetic disorder that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. This condition is caused by mutations in a gene called hexosaminidase subunit alpha(HEXA). The HEXA is a gene that provides instructions for making beta-hexosaminidase that makes a functional enzyme with one alpha subunit. Beta-hexosaminidase is an enzyme that is located in lysosomes, is an important enzyme that breaks down a GM2 ganglioside. Therefore, the lack of the beta-hexosaminidase enzyme results in the accumulation of the GM2 ganglioside in the brain and spinal cord that damages nerve cells.…

    • 216 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Dena Davis believes the child has the right to an open future. If at any point the parents choose to have the child with the Tay-Sachs gene over a healthy one, then Davis’ argument will apply completely putting the parent in the wrong. If the parent does not know that they were carriers, then the baby born in an un-ideal circumstance rather than to be the parents’ fault. Since now the parents do know the fact the baby will suffer and have a very limited life, Davis would say it would be wrong to have the baby at this point in time. If there is a limiting factor such as the Tay-Sachs gene that inhibits a child to have a full quality life, then according to Davis, the baby should not be had.…

    • 1165 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Visualize a disease that leaves its victims powerless but are completely aware of everything that is in sight and the state the body is in. With every intention to move, the victim has no control over the body’s muscles, for not a single finger is lifted nor a smile displayed. Such a disease does exist and has affected many lives worldwide. This awful illness is named ALS, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, a progressive neurodegenerative disease. With many diseases in the world, countless terrible ones are unknown like CTE, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy, which is also a progressive neurodegenerative disease.…

    • 1188 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    A genetic mutation on chromosome seventeen causes a shortage of an enzyme aspartoacylase (ASPA) gene; this is an inherited autosomal recessive trait. That is, a child must inherit one copy of the mutated gene from each parent to develop the disease. Aspartoacylase serves as a metabolic component that breakdowns the brain element known as N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA). When NAA is not broken down properly, it causes a decline of the white substance (myelin) in the brain.…

    • 619 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Tay Sachs Research Paper

    • 1051 Words
    • 5 Pages

    The probability that their child will be a carrier of the gene and not the disease is fifty percent while there is a twenty-five percent chance that the child will not have the gene or the disease. Children born with Tay Sachs are born without an enzyme called hexosaminidase A (Hex A), which assists in breaking down GM2 ganglioside lipid. Hexosaminidase A deficiency is a direct result of a defect found in Chromosome 15 which controls the production of the hexosaminidase A enzyme. A healthy person is born with the hexosaminidase A enzyme, which prevents the build up GM2 ganglioside lipid. Without hexosaminidase A, the build up of the GM2 ganglioslide lipid in the brain eventually causes neurological…

    • 1051 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    * spielmeyer Fogt Hergan * * Batten Disease is a degenerative neurological condition that affect people of all ages, particularly between mid childhood and their early twenties. 
 * The most common form of Battens is Juvenile Battens affecting children between 5-25 years. 
 * It was discovered in 1903 Frederick Batten, a British Paediatrician.…

    • 1009 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Lou Gehrig's Disease

    • 1473 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Running Head: FROM THE OUTSIDE IN 2 ABSTRACT ALS also known as Lou Gehrig's, is a disease where your body attacks its own muscles. This research project will explain a lot of information on the terrifying disease of ALS. It will include the signs and symptoms of the disease, and the risk factors it takes to get ALS. It will also explain how and if the disease can be diagnosed by different test and when these test occur.…

    • 1473 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Imagine laying in bed and suddenly feeling hungry but unable to get up to go to the fridge, unable to call someone to help, lift a finger, and then even if a loved one were to bring food, not having the ability to swallow the food without the assistance of someone or something. This is the life of someone with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), better known to many as Lou Gehrig's disease. Now, imagine walking into the kitchen to eat for the first time of the day, but for some reason already feeling full or walking up to the sink to wash a pile of dishes that were left the night before and seeing that nothing was there anymore. Having nothing to do but turn to a loved one who lives there to help with the confusion only to find out that this…

    • 968 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the medical field, there are several medical conditions and diseases that we come across. Some are popular and some we don't often hear about. The disease I would like to talk about is called Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis also known as ALS. Many people know ALS to be known as Lou Gehrig’s Disease. This disease is progressive and is a type of motor neuron that slowly breaks down nerve cells and die.…

    • 1395 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Tay-Sachs's Disease

    • 697 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Tay-Sachs is a deadly disease present in infants and newborns. The disease is passed on by people from many different descents and regions. There are no known links to an explanation why these descents are known carriers of the gene. The gene is known to not be present within the first 3-6 months, growing and thriving like a healthy child would. A tay sachs kid gets its genes from if both the parents have the tay sachs gene and hand it off to the child.…

    • 697 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Multiple sclerosis is a standout amongst the most misjudged illnesses of this century. Since its disclosure, there are still no known reasons, no demonstrated medicines, and no known cure, yet it influences conceivably five hundred thousand individuals in the United States alone. Individuals need to take in more about this infection so it can be conveyed to the country's consideration. Different Sclerosis is a focal's ailment sensory system. It pulverizes the greasy myelin sheath that protects your nerve cells.…

    • 905 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Mastering Multiple Sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis is a nasty disease that can leave the person who has the disease immobilized. My dad has Multiple Sclerosis and it makes it very hard for him to walk and get around. It’s hard to see him struggle to walk me down the field for parents night. There is no current cure for Multiple Sclerosis and the only thing doctors recommend are medication to ease the symptoms, but there could be a better way to reverse the disease and stop its progression. Changing your diet by controlling fats and eliminating lectins can be more effective to suppress Multiple Sclerosis symptoms than taking medication that can result in harmful side effects.…

    • 1094 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays