Skin is a multilayered organ with the ability to protect the organ¬ism against external aggressions. The skin consists of three main layers including epidermis, dermis and subcutis that are responsible for its high turnover capacity in repairing different injuries. Similar to other tissues, the stem cells existed in skin tissue play an important role in regulating the balance between cell loss and cell division [22, 23]. siRNA therapeutics are potent alternative for skin regeneration due to their accessibility in the body [24]. Skin repair based on siRNA therapy have yielded promising results for various skin injuries such as psoriasis [25], allergic skin disease [26], epidermolysis bullosa simplex [27], epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma [14] and pachyonychia congenita …show more content…
It was reported in 1980 that various growth factors could stimulate the migration of keratinocyte and thus could mediate the regeneration of damaged skin [29]. TGF-b1 is one of the important growth factor that plays a crucial role in skin regeneration. In vivo study on rats also revealed the potential of TGF-b1 in promoting the healing process of injured skin, increasing the collagen deposition and improving the tensile strength of skin wounds. Moreover, studies of transgenic and gene knockout mice provided an in depth information about the role of TGF-b1 in skin regeneration. It is confirmed that gene silencing of Smad3, as a key signaling pathway for regulating the activity of TGF-b, with siRNA could induce the skin