Asthma has been associated with a reduction of antioxidants in the diet (vitamin E, vitamin C, carotenoids, selenium, polyphenols and fruit, zinc), a reduction of n-3 PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids) and an increase in n-6 PUFAs, and vitamin D supplementation or deficiency (K and Deveroux). The nutrition of pregnant women and young children has been researched, this is due because it is believed that nutrition may be a key factor in the “development of the airways and the immune system, possibly already in the womb, through epigenetic mechanisms. As the development of the lungs and airways is regulated by genetic and epigenetic factors that may be affected by the environment.” (Peroni, Bonomo, Casarotto, Boner, and Piacentini). For example,
