sease The renal system is made up of the kidneys, ureters, and urethra. In addition to excreting out waste and excess water, the kidneys also produce erythorpoietin, renin and a form of vitamin D. Childhood renal diseases are categorized das either congenital or acquired. Congenital renal diseases such as Multicystic Kidney Disease, Polycystic Kidney Disease, Posterior urethral valve obstruction, and Fetal hydronephrosis can be detected during antenatal testing or postnatal examinations. Hydronephrosis is a sign of renal disease, in which the one or both kidneys retains fluid. Acquired renal diseases such as, nephritis, urinary tract infections and gallstones are often the result of an infection. Based on the age demographic of the case study
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For the purposes of this case study, two renograms, both with Lasix, conducted within two months of each other will be referenced. At the time of the first scan, renogram 1, (Reno1) the patient was 4 months old with a history of hydronephrosis. A dose of 1.4 mCi Tc99m Mag 3 was administered intravenously, followed by 3.0 mg of Lasix 15 minutes later. During the second renogram, (Reno2) the patient was intravenously injected with 1.2 mCi Tc99m Mag 3, followed 17 minutes later with 5 mg of Lasix. Split function is noticed in both Reno1 and Reno2: 47.4% and 62% in left kidney and 52.6% and 38% in the right kidney respectively. Abnormal clearance of the right kidney was observed in both scans. The final impression of both scans was findings consistent with hydronephrosis caused by an obstruction, possibly ureteropelvic junction obstruction in the right kidney. In Reno2 a large photopenic mass of unknown origin was observed superior to the left kidney; in comparison to Reno1, the photopenic mass was smaller in size and less detectable, but in the same general area superior to the left kidney. No physician notes were made on the final report of either study concerning the photopenic …show more content…
Urine pools in the kidneys because urine is made faster than it can be excreted (Urology Care Foundation website, n.d.). This can be caused by the narrowing of ureter due to scarring or blood vessels ("Prenatal Hydronephrosis," n.d.) Hydronephrosis is the result of the pooling and swelling in the kidneys. Usually only one kidney is affected by the retention. As this is a congenital, the obstruction can be diagnosed in utero with ultrasound. Patients should be monitored with ultrasounds and nuclear scans postnatal up to 18 months. Pediatric patients may experience a natural correction of excess pooling if the kidney function is good prior to 18 months (Urology Care Foundation website, n.d.). If the condition does not improve surgery is recommended to relieve pain and reduce possibility of infection in pediatric patients.
Multicystic and Polycystic Kidney
For the purposes of this case study, two renograms, both with Lasix, conducted within two months of each other will be referenced. At the time of the first scan, renogram 1, (Reno1) the patient was 4 months old with a history of hydronephrosis. A dose of 1.4 mCi Tc99m Mag 3 was administered intravenously, followed by 3.0 mg of Lasix 15 minutes later. During the second renogram, (Reno2) the patient was intravenously injected with 1.2 mCi Tc99m Mag 3, followed 17 minutes later with 5 mg of Lasix. Split function is noticed in both Reno1 and Reno2: 47.4% and 62% in left kidney and 52.6% and 38% in the right kidney respectively. Abnormal clearance of the right kidney was observed in both scans. The final impression of both scans was findings consistent with hydronephrosis caused by an obstruction, possibly ureteropelvic junction obstruction in the right kidney. In Reno2 a large photopenic mass of unknown origin was observed superior to the left kidney; in comparison to Reno1, the photopenic mass was smaller in size and less detectable, but in the same general area superior to the left kidney. No physician notes were made on the final report of either study concerning the photopenic …show more content…
Urine pools in the kidneys because urine is made faster than it can be excreted (Urology Care Foundation website, n.d.). This can be caused by the narrowing of ureter due to scarring or blood vessels ("Prenatal Hydronephrosis," n.d.) Hydronephrosis is the result of the pooling and swelling in the kidneys. Usually only one kidney is affected by the retention. As this is a congenital, the obstruction can be diagnosed in utero with ultrasound. Patients should be monitored with ultrasounds and nuclear scans postnatal up to 18 months. Pediatric patients may experience a natural correction of excess pooling if the kidney function is good prior to 18 months (Urology Care Foundation website, n.d.). If the condition does not improve surgery is recommended to relieve pain and reduce possibility of infection in pediatric patients.
Multicystic and Polycystic Kidney