After multiple complaints from people in Emily’s neighborhood of the putrid smell coming from her house the mayor gave consent to the aldermen to sprinkle lime in the cellar and in the outer builds of her house not knowing they were covering up the smell of Homer's(Emily’s fiance) decaying body.
The rose, in the title of the short story is a piece of gratification and pity Faulkner feels for Emily. After a funeral roses are given to the deceased family, or after a graduation one is given roses as a gift for their achievement. The rose can be seen as both a pity gift and a achievement gift. Emily has endured many disappointments in her life from losing her father to dying alone despite her efforts to control/keep the men around her. In this instance it is seen as pitiful, Faulkner pities her for her lost and gives her a rose (metaphorically) for everything she has had to