Swanson And Fung Problem

Swanson and Fung (2016) found that more recent models of problem solving have focused on Working memory (WM) as a potential bottleneck in the solution of word problems. Their simulation characterized the bottom-up problem solver as a novice who attempts to solve a word problem by integrating information in a word by word manner.
Word problem-solving accuracy
The KeyMath (KeyMath; Connolly, 1998) Revised Diagnostic Assessment word problem-solving subtest involved the tester reading a series of word problems to the children while showing a picture illustrating the problem, and then asking them to verbalize the answer to problem. The KeyMath problem-solving subtest (KeyMath; Connolly, 1998) also involved the tester reading a series of story problems to the student while showing a picture illustrating the problem and then asking the child to verbalize the answer. …show more content…
To control for reading problems, the examiner orally read each problem and all multiple-choice response options as the students followed along.
After the problem was read, students were instructed to turn to the next page on which they saw the following statement: "Without looking back at the problem, circle the question the story problem was asking on the last page." The multiple-choice questions for the problem above were: How many pinecones did Darren have in all? How many pinecones did Darren start with?; How many pinecones did Darren keep?; and How many pinecones did Darren throw back? This page assessed the student's ability to correctly identify the question proposition of each story