Supplementary Homicide Report

Willits & Nowacki (2003) conducted regression models and utilize data from the Supplementary Homicide Reports from 1999 to 2001, the 2000 American Census and the 2000 Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics Survey (LEMAS). The research also included all police departments in the United States with populations 25,000 and greater in order to be able to include small towns in the research. With using a populations of 25,000 and greater, the sample size included 325 cities with populations ranging from roughly 25,000 to 3.5 million. Willits and Nowacki (2003) presented their results aggregately and disaggregately in order to determine if the predictors vary by police department type. As for variable for the research, there were three organizational …show more content…
Organizational control include three dummy variable, which include: presence of an internal affairs unit, a collective bargaining agreement and a civilian review board (Willits & Nowacki, 2013). They also included two dummy variable which help indicate “whether a police department has formal rules regarding the maximum number of hours worked and serving and protections orders” (Willits & Nowacki, 2013). As for control variables, Willits & Nowacki (2013) included measures of minority-group threat, a series of dummy variables measuring region, structural disadvantage index, and control variables “including per cent black, white-to-black dissimilarity index, the ratio of median incomes for white-to-black households, per cent Hispanic, white-to-Hispanic dissimilarity and the ratio of median income for white-to-Hispanic households” (Willits & Nowacki, 2013). As for the analytic strategy, Willits & Nowacki (2013) presented three regression models that examined the relationship between deadly force and organizational and threat