Hence, if historians are really interested in making civil rights harder, they need to take the lead and leave the trodden path. Not necessarily by developing new frameworks to counter a White-centered conservative take on civil rights movement with a White-centered liberal or leftist approach, but rather, by developing ways that allow them to capture the different ways and means African Americans expressed their resistance. No matter how long and how much historians tweak on the timeline or address conservative and liberal appropriations, this will not lead them to the essence of civil rights activism, as a specific period of the long-term resistance of African Americans against White racism, if we continue to rely on analytical frameworks that were mainly developed to examine the history of Whites.
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Hence, we need to begin to make a distinction between critiquing the long civil rights movement paradigm as proposed by Hall and the way scholars apply it. Therefore, historians, when using the concept, should not simply embrace it, but clarify why and how they used it. While Hall encouraged her colleagues to extend the narrow timeline of what Peniel Joseph refers to as the “heroic phase,” it is doubtful that she meant to extend it well into the nineteenth century, as some scholars
Hence, we need to begin to make a distinction between critiquing the long civil rights movement paradigm as proposed by Hall and the way scholars apply it. Therefore, historians, when using the concept, should not simply embrace it, but clarify why and how they used it. While Hall encouraged her colleagues to extend the narrow timeline of what Peniel Joseph refers to as the “heroic phase,” it is doubtful that she meant to extend it well into the nineteenth century, as some scholars