Summary: Sepuaveda

Improved Essays
Introduction

Sepúveda has been known to make certain claims in regards to the defeat of the Aztec civilization to the Spaniards. Among many of those claims he states that the Indians possessed rude natures and limited intellectually capacity thus, they had no choice but to succumb their will to the Spaniards by Aristotle’s doctrine of natural slavery. This papers shall refute the aforementioned claims and gather evidence drawn from several works those of which include authors: Lockhart, Berdan, Brunstetter, and Heath. To begin, let us observe the foundation for the claims that Sepúveda has made. It seems that he had taken the natural laws of Aristotle and made an attempt to pass as universal laws when they are a specific perspective of
…show more content…
Some of which include the Egyptians for inventing math and the Babylonians for being excellent astronomers. (Heath 2008) Following that note, Aristotle alludes to the idea that humans by nature, demonstrate more awareness than that of animals. With that being said, he cannot possibly believe that natural slaves are lacking in that regard. (Heath 2008) Also, it was said that the geographic location of the civilization is related to the level of intelligence and capabilities however, realistically, that idea is quite preposterous. (Heath 2010) Geographic location may allow for certain skills sets that may not develop elsewhere but by no means can that possibly indicate the level of intelligence a civilization has. Yet another statement made by Aristotle suggests that he believes that courage is having a balance of impulsivity as well as rational thought. (Heath 2008) However, it is very evident that the Aztecs possessed both impulsivity and rational. They convened on important matters and their leader thought orders through in regards to the Spaniards and how to deal with them. Consequently, it is hard to believe that the doctrine of natural law is a valuable source to go off of in order to make claims about the Aztec’s

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    The Aztecs Book Review

    • 881 Words
    • 4 Pages

    This work does an exceptional job of explaining the entire history, customs, and culture of the Aztec people without reading like a fact book. It presents itself as a very readable narrative, a story of a people who built a civilization up to a climax of extraordinary greatness, and then witnessed a massive and unexpected fall from grace. This work is easily readable for an audience high school level or above and, while it does present a large amount of names and terms, it does not ever become overwhelming or dull to read. An understanding of the Aztec civilization is crucial to understanding the history of Latin America as a whole and this book is of great historical importance due to the fact that it can be used by anyone as a concise but thoroughly detailed history of an exceptional and controversial civilization whose existence still hangs on even…

    • 881 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Broken Spears Summary

    • 1446 Words
    • 6 Pages

    This account is a much better research source than Bernal Diaz’s piece, because the information provided is more believable. Broken Spears, specifically describes the roles of both the people and leaders in both armies as well as quotes and statistics from the time. Moreover, Broken Spears grants readers a look into the cultural beliefs and customs of the Aztecs. Whether it was the Sacrificing of the Spanish, or the belief that the “Quetzal-owl” could throw the “Serpent of Fire, the Arrow that Pierces Fire,” and potentially beat the Spanish, this article gives readers a glimpse of Aztec’s beliefs.…

    • 1446 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    Bonfil Batalla’s book, Mexican Profundo: Reclaiming a Lost Civilization, highlights the struggles of the Mesoamerican culture in the past and present. The author provides an insightful look at two different civilizations that have occupied Mexico throughout the centuries. Batalla named these two civilizations the Mexico Profundo and the imaginary Mexico. He explains how these civilizations have major differences that restrict their ability to coexist peacefully together. This book provides a detailed perspective of the differences and effects of the Mexico Profundo and the imaginary Mexico, the colonization of Mexico, Mexico after the colonial period, and the modern resistances of the Mexico Profundo.…

    • 1630 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Brilliant Essays

    Cook, David Born to Die: Disease and New World Conquest, 1492-1650. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. In this book, David Cook attempts to synthesize all available information about the spread of disease in the new world in one volume. Cook’s main argument is that the traditional historiography on the subject, most notably that written by Bartolome de Las Casas, over-emphasizes the cruelty of the Spanish as the reason behind the massive deaths experienced in Amerindian populations.…

    • 1218 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Brilliant Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Throughout the years there has been much controversy on what events in history have influenced the world the most. Many scholars have agreed that both the Spanish conquest and colonization of Mexico and the Caribbean and the U.S. acquisition of Mexican and Caribbean territories are important turning points in history that have helped shape the social, economic, political and cultural characteristics of different Latin American countries. In order to comprehend the great importance of the Spanish and the American’s invasions, the reader must analyze the readings of Born in Blood & Fire by John Charles Chasteen and Harvest of Empire by Juan Gonzalez. Both of these works are useful in discerning ideas that make the Spanish conquest and colonization and the U.S. acquisition similar and different. The Spanish conquest and colonization of Mexico, the Caribbean, and the U.S. acquisition of territories are similar because both had a racial and hierarchical, political and social system that rose from the transculturation of different races but different because they had different ideas on what Manifest Destiny meant, and they imposed their invasions in different ways.…

    • 720 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    They were a strong believer on forgiveness and they tried to give everyone a change to confess one at least on time in their life, but it was mostly when they were old. The last subtopic talks about racism. For Aztecs did not care about racial features or race. Anybody could have a high position, Aztecs thought about betterment for their society and opportunities rather than worrying about racial appearance.…

    • 728 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    From this experience, the Spanish understood “the importance of translators and language itself in the process of encounter and conquest” (Schwartz 40). With a solid base for translation established through Aguillar and Malinche, the Spanish began “to differentiate between the various ethnicities and political loyalties of the indigenous people” (Schwartz 42). The ethnography they learned from the exchange of gifts between Cortes and other indigenous leaders also established a great knowledge of potential wealth as well as a divide and…

    • 1599 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    The Spanish invasion of Mesoamerica in the sixteenth century has been one of their most renowned victories. However, with a review of Restall’s work, as well as a closer look into the help that the Spanish had, reveals that the success of the Spanish was not merely their own. The Spaniards’ and natives’ common political goals, the natives’ army strength, knowledge of the land and the sharing of battle strategies and resources made the native allies a key asset to the conquest. The success of the Spanish conquest was largely dependent on the military support they received from their native allies; the Tlaxcalans especially, along with other native contributors, such as the Teocalhueycan and the Tepaneca.…

    • 1438 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    When the Spanish first arrived in the New World they encountered two powerful empires: The Aztec and the Inca. However, the Inca and the Aztecs used different methods to control their empires, especially in the areas of economics and state religions. These methods, although different in structure, did contain some similarities. This demonstrates that empires can be equally powerful, but use different methods of organizing economic and religious systems.…

    • 739 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Antonio Vazquez describes the volume and value of silver mining at the expense of the indigenous people and their harsh labor conditions through the mita system. De las Casas also witnessed the torture and killing of these people and, although he recognized their humanity, he believed the Spanish were not to bring anybody to Christianity by massacring them and that violence was rather barbaric and not God’s will. In contrast to de las Casas, Juan Ginés Sepúlveda argued on his writing that colonizing the “Indians” was moral and would not be condemned in the eyes of Christianity. He based his opinion on the believe that the Natives were “natural slaves” and irrational beasts who…

    • 887 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Broken Spears Summary

    • 829 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Summary In Miguel Leon-Portilla’s The Broken Spears: The Aztec Account of the Conquest of Mexico, the author shares the Aztec account of the Spanish conquest of Mexico in 1519. Throughout the book, Portilla discusses the significant events that occurred in the Aztec society. The indigenous groups in Mexico such as the Mexica (Aztec) had a thriving culture and advanced society in ancient Mesoamerica. The people of the Aztec society were educated, studied many subjects of interest such as astrology, and built great architectural pyramids that were breathtaking and beautiful.…

    • 829 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    “The ‘Wretched Indians’: What We Don’t Learn in History Books” The Spanish Conquest as we know it has been largely painted as a valiant and remarkable achievement deemed justifiable through widely-accepted perceptions of European superiority. Indeed, when taught about these expeditions, rarely are we given sources that encourage us to picture the Indigenous peoples fighting on the same side as the Spaniards; After all, the textbooks say they were the ‘bad guys’ to beat, right? Matthew Restall’s Seven Myths of The Spanish Conquest reveals the subjective perceptions of the Spanish Conquest in an attempt to help modify the erroneous aspects of the Indigenous peoples’ narrative. In addition, as noted by Restall, even William H. Prescott, a historian…

    • 1559 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Great Essays

    While the idea that the arrival of Europeans to “The New World” brought upon the indigenous cultures of America no small amount of strife and misery, as well as fame and fortune upon the Spanish is widely accepted as fact, there is limitless dissention among historians about the true history of the conquest of “New Spain”. One event that exemplifies this dissention is that of the Siege of Tenochtitlan. In the following analysis I will describe and discuss two conflicting accounts that document this occasion (The Broken Spears: The Aztec Account of the Conquest of Mexico and The Conquest of New Spain by Bernal Diaz). The accounts are conflicting in the way each author presents certain events of the siege and manipulates them to represent their…

    • 1676 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Fall of Aztec Empire For many years now, historians have pondered upon the many reasons for the fall of the Aztec Empire. There have been many factors that played into the fall of the Empire, such as the diseases plaguing the population, the Spaniard’s technological advantages, religious rivalries, alliances, and the list goes on. But to focus on two of the major contributors, this essay will focus on the effects of European diseases on Mexico, and the impact alliances between the Spaniards and the Tlaxcala people had on Tenochtitlan. To begin our observations, we will delve into the life of a man named “Hernan Cortés”. Hernan Cortés was a Spanish Conquistador, and one of the driving forces in the fall of the Aztec Empire through the capture of Tenochtitlan and of the then leader Motecuhzoma II.…

    • 785 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Spanish Conquest Essay

    • 1431 Words
    • 6 Pages

    In 1519, Spanish explorers, under the leadership of Hernán Cortés, set foot on what is now modern-day Mexico in search of gold and land in the Aztec Empire. Although the Spanish initially had no intentions (or orders from Cuban governor Diego Velásquez for whom they made the voyage) to colonize the Aztec Empire, they sought to communicate with the inhabitants and spread their Christian faith. However, the end of 1521 saw the mighty Aztec Empire practically cease to exist, its emperor Montezuma II join the many victims of the conquest, and the survivors put under the rule of the Spanish. A variety of factors came into play regarding the Spanish’s ability to conquer this mighty empire, including the ability to communicate verbally, the religious beliefs of both peoples, and the devastating effect of disease on the Aztec empire.…

    • 1431 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays