In the sixth paragraph of King’s letter, he describes that, while the clergymen “deplore the demonstrations,” they are not as concerned about why the demonstrations are taking place. In the following paragraphs, King goes on to explain that Birmingham is one of the “most thoroughly segregated” cities in America and that King and his associates have gone through all the steps of a non-violent campaign in the city. These non-violent campaigns, however, were not working for Birmingham, and all the “humiliating racial signs” were eventually put back up on store windows. So, since the campaigns were not working, King was forced to turn to direct action. Using direct action was a way for King to “dramatize the issue,” so that people would no longer
