Animal testing uses outdated and archaic testing procedures. In the article “Alternatives to the use of animals in research, testing and education” Jayshree Vencatesan, and advocate of Animal rights who works at Care Earth, describes how in the medical field of humane science there are three R’s every method of testing must follow. The three R’s include: replacement, refinement, and reduction. These must be used when determining alternative methods of testing. Vencatesan states that the most radical ideology of the three R method proposed is Replacement, while Refinement is a more subtle approach “which advocates the reduction of incidence or severity of distress experienced by laboratory animals…” and Reduction requires attaining “precise information with animals through the use of well-designed, well conducted, reliable experiments that do not involve endless repetition of the same tests” (Vencatesan, 1). She says usually testing laboratories use animals with high pain thresholds, to better match human pain thresholds, for experimentation of vaccines and their effects. In Europe, new methods of testing have been pronounced aimed at phasing out the use of laboratory animals as scientific subjects and instead they plan to integrate a new strategy in vaccine control.
