Eight major characteristics are to be considered for a social organization to be considered as a civilization. These are having cities, agricultural surplus, job specialization, well-organized central government, complex religion, social classes, art and architecture, and writing (Gutzman, 2010).The waves of Indo-European invasions marked the beginning of the fall of the early civilizations. This group of people were hunters and herders from Central Asia. The Hittites, which are Indo-Europeans and at the same time, have the capability to assimilate Mesopotamian values, introduced the use of iron to the natives. They launched the decline of the New Kingdom and freed the Southeastern Mediterranean corner so that smaller states may rise. The
