Literature Review
Kristen Allen
Hodges University
PSY-3550
Professor Bushey
04/12/2015
Review of the Literature
Awareness and interests within substance abuse has come to a major forefront in the last several decades, but more than ever in episodic events within the scope of opioids and opiates. The review focuses on the aspects of substance use disorders, chronic relapsing disorders, behaviors, scientific studies of the brain and how substances effect individuals genetic predispositions within the context of addictions. Correlations within the journals express different aspects to consider for those individuals with a substance use disorder or alcohol use disorder and what helps. The understanding of self-compassion as a …show more content…
Focusing on how substance use disorders effects individuals on levels of genetics, what types of treatments help, and how stressors are a strong aspect in response to those with substance use disorders. Information retained for this article are from the following databases: The Journal of Psychology, Elsevier Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, National Institute of Health, Journal of Clinical Investigation, American Journal of Psychiatry, Journal of The College of Family Physicians of Canada, Society for the Study of …show more content…
were supplemented into the study giving way to understanding the vulnerability to developing drug addiction. Neuroadaptions, drug-motivated effects, variants of specific genetics, and factors the environment plays, that all participate to the developments of particular addictive diseases. Kreek (2012) from the Social Neuroscience Symposium, considered the effects that genes interaction have with environment, brain, body; including stress and an individuals responsivity to those stressors. Bi-directional research showed three commonly abused drugs; heroin, cocaine, and alcohol, which impacted on gene expression. Investigating the stress response was confined directly or indirectly in measuring peripheral biomarkers. Through research there had not been any findings of any one particular gene that would be responsible for any specified addiction; though the possibility of multiple variants and genes that can cause vulnerability (Kreek, 2011). Earlier research had lead to the development of what we now know as methadone maintenance treatment/facilities. These developments are implemented for long-term opiate
Kristen Allen
Hodges University
PSY-3550
Professor Bushey
04/12/2015
Review of the Literature
Awareness and interests within substance abuse has come to a major forefront in the last several decades, but more than ever in episodic events within the scope of opioids and opiates. The review focuses on the aspects of substance use disorders, chronic relapsing disorders, behaviors, scientific studies of the brain and how substances effect individuals genetic predispositions within the context of addictions. Correlations within the journals express different aspects to consider for those individuals with a substance use disorder or alcohol use disorder and what helps. The understanding of self-compassion as a …show more content…
Focusing on how substance use disorders effects individuals on levels of genetics, what types of treatments help, and how stressors are a strong aspect in response to those with substance use disorders. Information retained for this article are from the following databases: The Journal of Psychology, Elsevier Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, National Institute of Health, Journal of Clinical Investigation, American Journal of Psychiatry, Journal of The College of Family Physicians of Canada, Society for the Study of …show more content…
were supplemented into the study giving way to understanding the vulnerability to developing drug addiction. Neuroadaptions, drug-motivated effects, variants of specific genetics, and factors the environment plays, that all participate to the developments of particular addictive diseases. Kreek (2012) from the Social Neuroscience Symposium, considered the effects that genes interaction have with environment, brain, body; including stress and an individuals responsivity to those stressors. Bi-directional research showed three commonly abused drugs; heroin, cocaine, and alcohol, which impacted on gene expression. Investigating the stress response was confined directly or indirectly in measuring peripheral biomarkers. Through research there had not been any findings of any one particular gene that would be responsible for any specified addiction; though the possibility of multiple variants and genes that can cause vulnerability (Kreek, 2011). Earlier research had lead to the development of what we now know as methadone maintenance treatment/facilities. These developments are implemented for long-term opiate