Subplate neurons are one of the earliest formed neurons in the cerebral cortex and play a critical role in cortical development and maturation. Specifically, they receive information from the thalamus and project unto the developing cortical plate. The cortex is comprised of a six-layers and subplate neurons are found in the developing white matter below layer 6. During critical periods, these neurons are necessary for the arrangement and improvement of thalamocortical connections. Subplate neurons are susceptible to damage from injuries such as hypoxia-ischemia. Hypoxia-ischemia is a neonatal brain injury that occurs when there is insufficient oxygen flow in tissues because of a lack of blood supply. The injury can lead to prominent neurodevelopment
