Integrated Approach
Advance Stuttering Individuals with advanced stuttering are usually older adolescents or adults who have been stuttering for many years. Susan is 18 years of age.
(Guitar, 2014, p. 290) Her pattern are well entrenched and consist of blocks, repetitions, and prolongations that are usually accompanied by tension and struggle. There are also escape and avoidance behaviors. (Guitar, 2014, p. 290) Susan has developed negative anticipations about speaking situations and listener reactions. Sometimes advanced PWS, their stuttering has been such an important factor in their lives that they have chosen occupations beneath their abilities. Susan wants to be a teacher; however, she did not apply to college because of her …show more content…
(Guitar, 2014, p. 290) These patterns are so deeply etched into the brain due to classical conditions that treatment is best if it is intense, long-lasting, and provides long-term maintenance. (Guitar, 2014, p. 290)
Nature of Stuttering The origin of advanced stuttering arise from a physiological predisposition for inefficient neural activation patterns for speech and a vulnerable temperament interacting with environmental influences to produce an exacerbate core behaviors of repetitions, prolongations, and blocks. (Guitar, 2014, p. 291) It is crucial for Susan to learn how to cope with residual disruptions in speech in order to maintain improvements in fluency. (Guitar, 2014, p. …show more content…
These emotions and cognitions need to receive considerable attention in therapy. (Guitar, 2014, p. 293) Susan also needs to eliminate or drastically reduce avoidance behaviors. Avoidance reduction is intimately tied to fear reduction. Susan will never reduce her fear of words and speaking situations that she continues to avoid. Therefore, reducing this fear is critical if Susan is going to be successful in using either controlled fluency or mild, acceptable stuttering. Or else, her fears will create excessive muscular tension and speeding up, and she may be unable to alter her speech production toward fluency under conditions of high fear. (Guitar, 2014, p. 293) Avoidance and speech fears need to be substantially reduced to enable clients, like Susan, to maintain their improvement over the long run. If negative feelings and attitudes are not significantly diminished, those fears will become the seeds for relapse, which is prevalent among many advance PWS. (Guitar, 2014, p. 293) The SLP will understand classical conditioning principles when attempting to eliminate Susan’s avoidance behaviors and/or reduce her negative feelings and attitudes. (Guitar, 2014, p.
Advance Stuttering Individuals with advanced stuttering are usually older adolescents or adults who have been stuttering for many years. Susan is 18 years of age.
(Guitar, 2014, p. 290) Her pattern are well entrenched and consist of blocks, repetitions, and prolongations that are usually accompanied by tension and struggle. There are also escape and avoidance behaviors. (Guitar, 2014, p. 290) Susan has developed negative anticipations about speaking situations and listener reactions. Sometimes advanced PWS, their stuttering has been such an important factor in their lives that they have chosen occupations beneath their abilities. Susan wants to be a teacher; however, she did not apply to college because of her …show more content…
(Guitar, 2014, p. 290) These patterns are so deeply etched into the brain due to classical conditions that treatment is best if it is intense, long-lasting, and provides long-term maintenance. (Guitar, 2014, p. 290)
Nature of Stuttering The origin of advanced stuttering arise from a physiological predisposition for inefficient neural activation patterns for speech and a vulnerable temperament interacting with environmental influences to produce an exacerbate core behaviors of repetitions, prolongations, and blocks. (Guitar, 2014, p. 291) It is crucial for Susan to learn how to cope with residual disruptions in speech in order to maintain improvements in fluency. (Guitar, 2014, p. …show more content…
These emotions and cognitions need to receive considerable attention in therapy. (Guitar, 2014, p. 293) Susan also needs to eliminate or drastically reduce avoidance behaviors. Avoidance reduction is intimately tied to fear reduction. Susan will never reduce her fear of words and speaking situations that she continues to avoid. Therefore, reducing this fear is critical if Susan is going to be successful in using either controlled fluency or mild, acceptable stuttering. Or else, her fears will create excessive muscular tension and speeding up, and she may be unable to alter her speech production toward fluency under conditions of high fear. (Guitar, 2014, p. 293) Avoidance and speech fears need to be substantially reduced to enable clients, like Susan, to maintain their improvement over the long run. If negative feelings and attitudes are not significantly diminished, those fears will become the seeds for relapse, which is prevalent among many advance PWS. (Guitar, 2014, p. 293) The SLP will understand classical conditioning principles when attempting to eliminate Susan’s avoidance behaviors and/or reduce her negative feelings and attitudes. (Guitar, 2014, p.