These very special cells can be distinguished from other types of cells because of two very important characteristics that only they have. Firstly, they are unspecialized cells capable of renewing themselves through cell division, but only sometimes when the cells are inactive. Second, under certain conditions, they can be changed to become specific organs, like a heart or lung, which can be used to save thousands of lives each year. There are three types of stem cells embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells, which induced pluripotent stem cells are adult stem cells reprogrammed back into embryonic stem cells. Embryonic stem cells can become any cell type found in the body because they are pluripotent, which can develop into any type of cell (New York State). Adult stem cells are limited though to developing back into cells where they are originally came from like if an adult stem cell was pulled from a muscle cell it can only develop into a muscle cell again. Stem cells, directed to differentiate into specific cell types, offer the amazing possibility of a source of replacement cells and tissues to treat diseases including spinal cord injury, stroke, burns, heart disease, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis that can always be replaced! (The New England Journal of
These very special cells can be distinguished from other types of cells because of two very important characteristics that only they have. Firstly, they are unspecialized cells capable of renewing themselves through cell division, but only sometimes when the cells are inactive. Second, under certain conditions, they can be changed to become specific organs, like a heart or lung, which can be used to save thousands of lives each year. There are three types of stem cells embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells, which induced pluripotent stem cells are adult stem cells reprogrammed back into embryonic stem cells. Embryonic stem cells can become any cell type found in the body because they are pluripotent, which can develop into any type of cell (New York State). Adult stem cells are limited though to developing back into cells where they are originally came from like if an adult stem cell was pulled from a muscle cell it can only develop into a muscle cell again. Stem cells, directed to differentiate into specific cell types, offer the amazing possibility of a source of replacement cells and tissues to treat diseases including spinal cord injury, stroke, burns, heart disease, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis that can always be replaced! (The New England Journal of