Social Risk Factors

Improved Essays
Studies have revealed a number of behavioral and social risk factors that work singly and in combination to influence the likelihood that children will be targeted for victimization. Such as, being physically weak, displaying submissive behavior, certain temperaments, disabilities, and just being different. Attributes may actually seek out or trigger conflicts that children or are unable to handle and they're vulnerable to being victimized. Because of their physical, cognitive, and psychosocial developmental levels, children are particularly vulnerable to being victimized (Humphrey, J. A., and Schmalleger, F. 2012).
With an effort to see the effects of victimization first we need to understand the importance of considering the risk factors
…show more content…
A.2012). For instance, cultural acceptance of violence is a risk factor for all types of interpersonal violence (Humphrey, J. A.2012). Even though mass media interventions, and laws and policies have been set up as a preventive source violent behavior is strongly influenced by cultural and social norms. So efforts to prevent violence must consider how social pressures and expectations influence individual behavior (Humphrey, J. A., and Schmalleger, F. …show more content…
D. 2001).
Parenting education programs because they represent the bulk of existing prevention efforts targeting young children and families is a major factor in preventing child abuse with this said the majority of primary prevention programs for child abuse and neglect focus on transitioning, beginning either prenatally or just after the child's birth and continuing through part or all of the first year of life or even through the second and third years (Osofsky, J. D. 2001).
There are preventive programs that are put in place to protect children from child abuse such as, home visitor services, family support components such as, parent education services, and community-based organizations, and hospital-based interventions (National Research Council. 1993). Programs to help children cope with trauma must be able to address the issues of domestic violence and trauma to parents or caregivers (National Research Council

Related Documents

  • Great Essays

    The Effects of Childhood Maltreatment on Adults In the United States alone, 6.6 million children are subjected to childhood maltreatment, behavior toward a child that is outside of the norms of conduct and entails substantial risk of causing physical or emotional harm (“Child Abuse Statistics”). Maltreatment is categorized in four types: Physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse (psychiatric abuse), and neglect (“Overview of Childhood Maltreatment”). The myriad effects of these abuses are: victims of childhood maltreatment have less ability to express themselves and their feelings in their controlled environments, the high stress level put on a child in this type of situations may disrupt early development, by mixing the architecture…

    • 1775 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In recent years, much research has been conducted to get an understanding about crime victim’s experiences and the obstacles that limit their choices and abilities to prevent or handle their victimization. Despite any victims actions, choices or behaviors, the individual should not be blamed for what happens to them as oftentimes it is not there fault. Therefore, the focus must be on the handling of victim, the physical and mental condition of the victim, as well as their economical hardships. Beyond just learning about hardships endured by victims, it must also be ensured that the victims are assisted effectively to help them recover. In discussing victimization, Andrew Karmen distinguishes between objective and subjective methods of studying…

    • 308 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Exposure To Violence

    • 1087 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Exposure to Violence and the Link to Aggression in Children At any given moment during the past two weeks, endless reports of child abuse as well domestic violence flooded the popular press. From the newspaper article on the NFL player knocking his girlfriend unconscious in a brutal assault to the ABC News report on the NFL player beating his four year old son with a “switch” to the point of drawing blood and leaving scars to the early morning news broadcast of the child abuse and heart-breaking death of two year old Colton Turner of Leander, violence is running rampant within our society. Every year, all across the United States, adolescents are subjected to violence within their own homes, schools, and communities. According to the…

    • 1087 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Chronic exposure to the stress, fear and in some cases physical violence that may be associated with Domestic Violence and Dating Violence may result in Complex Trauma. Complex Trauma may be caused by interpersonal stressors that are systematic and premediated and its effects may be cumulative, severe and long-lasting. Instead of a single traumatic incident, the victim experiences a process of traumatization that may produce feelings of helplessness, powerlessness and loss of control. Actual physical violence may be episodic or infrequent but compounded by other, less visible, forms of abuse.…

    • 245 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Distance To Crime

    • 721 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Article 1: Age and the distance to crime. 1) In the Age and the distance to crime study, research is conducted to examine if the distance to crime varies by age, and if the distance to crime varies across different crime classifications. According to the authors, three proposals are made that suggest young offenders travel a short distance to crime that increases during adolescence; the distance to crime peaks in early adulthood and decreases as age continues to increase; and strength of Proposition 1 and Proposition 2 depends on the opportunity surface for different crime types. Utilizing offenders from ages eight (8) to sixty-eight (68), the questions are relevant to address nesting effects for the impact of age on the distance to crime,…

    • 721 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Homelessness Intervention

    • 746 Words
    • 3 Pages

    While there are more than a few groups of people who experience homelessness in the United States and other parts of the world different ways, their homelessness is usually characterized by lack of stable housing coupled with extreme poverty (Henslin, 2013). I realized this after reading the author’s research concerning the homeless population in the United States. However, in my career as a human services professional, I would like to work with the mentally ill and the runaways. The mentally ill are people who’re rendered homeless upon discharge from mental hospitals, or rather persons with mental illnesses who become homeless due to lack of a family or lack of treatment for their problems. The first possible intervention that I would undertake…

    • 746 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Whereas in the United States, where there are some many deviant violent cultures and subcultures, the negative effects of being overly exposed to violence is downplayed. And because of such its harmful effects result in high murder rates, high assault rates,…

    • 1089 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    5. Define and explain the significance of the social determinants of health. How is this connected to an understanding of social and health inequalities in Canadian society? How does this approach connect with environmental public health and your role as an environmental public health professional?…

    • 862 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Eradicating crime in it’s entirely is nearly impossible. With that being said, there is potential to decrease crime and victimization within the communities. Ways to reduce the crime and victimization would include better policing and other prevention strategies. In my personal opinion, I believe that the get-tough on crime policy is the best policy to decrease crime, which in return will decrease victimization.…

    • 739 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Pros and Cons of Child Abuse We live in an era where child abuse is used a lot amongst parents not only in the United States but also in the World. Child Abuse is the physical, sexual or emotional mistreatment or neglecting of a child or children. In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, also known as the CDC and the Department for Children and Families (DCF) describe child mistreatment as any act sequence of acts of commission by a parent or other guardian that results in injury, possible for injury, or threat of harm to a child. Child abuse can happen in a bunch of different settings.…

    • 1561 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Child Abuse Case Study

    • 1212 Words
    • 5 Pages

    The field of child abuse and neglect is a field that provides services for children that have suffered trauma and/or the psychological effects of abuse and neglect in the home. The function of child abuse and neglect services is to define the underlying psychological features of a child that has suffered abuse in this manner. Child abuse services provide a wide range of psychological treatments and counseling methods that provide children with a stronger sense of identity and security within the context of their upbringing in abusive or neglectful homes. Studies have shown the child abuse and neglect are a specific aspect of child services, which can provide a gauge of the necessity of this field as a service to the co0mmunity. For instance,…

    • 1212 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Rates of victimization are closely linked to those of offending with the highest being in young men and in geographic areas that have a large amount of social disorganization. It’s arguable that young males partake in such activities that make them vulnerable to criminal involvement (as an offender and victim). In terms of statistics, people with a history of criminal offenses have a higher risk of being a victim, however, not all victims have criminal records, so not all victims risk becoming offenders and vice versa. Studies have shown that this theory is more predominate in males than in women (Lauritsen and Laub, 2007 pg.102). One example of this is a young man who is a member of a gang who buys some drugs, however the dealer ends up tricking…

    • 221 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Victim Precipitation Theory Jacob N Zucker Grantham University CJ102 Victim Precipitation Theory is the view that victims may initiate, either actively or passively, the confrontation that leads to their victimization (Siegel, 2014, p. 67). Active precipitation occurs when victims act provocatively, use threats or fighting words, or even attack first, resulting in their victimization (Siegel, 2014, p. 67). Passive precipitation is personal or social characteristics of victims that make them attractive to criminals; such victims may unknowingly either threaten or encourage their attackers (Siegel, 2014, p. 68). A case study and example of passive precipitation is the case of the murder of Bud and June Runion in January…

    • 742 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    When society looks at crime offenders, most people assume that the offenders are breaking the law because they come from a broken home, are of non-white ethnic background, live in poverty and belong to a gang. While some of these are true, others are not. Why do people commit crimes in the first place, what makes them think that is ok behavior or is this even preventable behavior that society can stop? These are great questions, which makes this essay take a closer look at how the influence of socialization can affect crime. Could it be that anybody is prone to crime, and could improper socialization have anything to do with the crime itself.…

    • 825 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    I have been able to take so much valuable information out of this course this semester. Before this course I did know a little about domestic violence, but I was able to learn so much new information in these past six weeks. One of the most important things I have learned from this course is how much of an influence the media has when it comes to issues of domestic violence. The media influences our society and I feel that they are sending the wrong message when it comes to issues of domestic violence. They constantly represent males as the dominant members of society and in many instances they broadcast the violence that is going on in our society rather than positive aspects of the world we live in.…

    • 821 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays