The African peoples endured unbelievably harsh conditions as they made their journey across the Middle passage. Throughout this journey, the African people partook in various acts of resistance, in both brutal and tragic ways. Slave mutinies were a violent form of resistance that provided direct action to those involved. Mannix (1962) describes mutinies as a way of grasping for the chance at freedom for the African people on broad the ships. Mutinies were hostile takeovers of ships by organized groups of Africans that gave control to the slaves as they murdered and overthrew the slavers and staff. Moreover, the physical conditions of the journey not only took a toll on the wellbeing of these people, but their psychological wellbeing as well.
