Shelley V. Kraemer

Eventually these methods were made necessary by segregationist due to the ruling in 1948 of the Shelley v. Kraemer, which made the enforcement of covenants through municipal or state powers. Under the Shelley v. Kraemer ruling, these covenants were not made illegal, rather private parties would now have to enforce covenants amongst themselves if continued use was wanted (Taylor 197-198). After this ruling, restrictive covenants acted as more of a community agreement than anything legally substantial.