The king appointed local governors, and there was an established class of nobles as well as the masses, whose chief labour was in agriculture.The king issued pronouncements as to when to plant crops, and the society had a highly developed calendar system with a 360-day year of 12 months of 30 days each. It was during the Shang that Chinese writing began to develop, and the symbol for “moon” was—as it has remained—that also for “month.” The calendar took cognizance of both lunar and solar cycles, and, when it became necessary to adjust the basically lunar year to the seasonal reality of the solar year, intercalary months were added.
The Shang Dynasty marked the middle of China’s Bronze Age and was a dynasty that made great contributions to Chinese civilization. Scholars do not fully agree on the dates and details of the earliest Chinese dynasties, but most accept that the Shang Dynasty is the first one to have left behind written records and solid archaeological evidence of its existence.The latter part of the Shang dynasty, from the reign of the Pangeng emperor onward (i.e.,c.1300 bce), has also been called the Yin …show more content…
The period of the dynasty’s rule has traditionally been dated 1766–1122 bce. However, more recent archaeological work has placed the Shang’s starting date at about 1600 bce and has identified the dynasty’s end as being 1046 bce. The kings of the Shang are believed to have occupied several capitals one after another, one of them possibly at modern Zhengzhou, where there are rich archaeological finds, but they settled at Anyang in the 14th century bce. The calendar took cognizance of both lunar and solar cycles, and, when it became necessary to adjust the basically lunar year to the seasonal reality of the solar year, intercalary months were