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Jones.
Mr. Jones appeared to be in distressed. He is now using his accessory muscles to breathe, crackles are heard on auscultation and there is decreased air entry in the left and right bases. Chest X ray revealed consolidation on the left lower lobe and atelectasis in the right lower lobe.
After a series of investigation in the emergency department, Mr. Jones was commenced on Normal Saline at 125 mls/hr and he was given oxygen via non rebreather mask at 10L/min. He was then transferred to the intensive care unit for respiratory and circulatory support and a provisional diagnosis of sepsis due to a respiratory …show more content…
2007:30). Sepsis can be caused by pathogens other than bacteria, such as fungi, viruses, and protozoa (Munford, 2001:63). Regardless of the causative organism, sepsis can result in systemic complications that occur as circulating chemical mediators released by the inflammatory response compromised the patients cardiovascular system (Cunha, 2003:24). Severe sepsis occurs when hypoperfusion, hypotension and organ dysfunction develop. If hypotension and perfusion abnormalities, lactic acidosis, oligoria and acute onset of mental deterioration occur despite aggressive fluid resuscitation and inotropic therapy, septic shock is present (Munford, …show more content…
TNF comprises of two different molecules, firstly TNFa which leads to programmed cell death in target cells, and when combined with IL-1 which acts on the central nervous system causing lethargy (Marieb, 2004). TNFB stimulates granulocyte activity and B cell proliferation which shows an increase in neutrophil count (Jean- Baptise,
Mr. Jones appeared to be in distressed. He is now using his accessory muscles to breathe, crackles are heard on auscultation and there is decreased air entry in the left and right bases. Chest X ray revealed consolidation on the left lower lobe and atelectasis in the right lower lobe.
After a series of investigation in the emergency department, Mr. Jones was commenced on Normal Saline at 125 mls/hr and he was given oxygen via non rebreather mask at 10L/min. He was then transferred to the intensive care unit for respiratory and circulatory support and a provisional diagnosis of sepsis due to a respiratory …show more content…
2007:30). Sepsis can be caused by pathogens other than bacteria, such as fungi, viruses, and protozoa (Munford, 2001:63). Regardless of the causative organism, sepsis can result in systemic complications that occur as circulating chemical mediators released by the inflammatory response compromised the patients cardiovascular system (Cunha, 2003:24). Severe sepsis occurs when hypoperfusion, hypotension and organ dysfunction develop. If hypotension and perfusion abnormalities, lactic acidosis, oligoria and acute onset of mental deterioration occur despite aggressive fluid resuscitation and inotropic therapy, septic shock is present (Munford, …show more content…
TNF comprises of two different molecules, firstly TNFa which leads to programmed cell death in target cells, and when combined with IL-1 which acts on the central nervous system causing lethargy (Marieb, 2004). TNFB stimulates granulocyte activity and B cell proliferation which shows an increase in neutrophil count (Jean- Baptise,