All 50 states have laws requiring specified vaccines for students. Although exemptions vary from state to state, all school immunization laws grant exemptions to children for medical reasons. Almost all states grant religious exemptions for people who have religious beliefs against immunizations [1].
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices makes scientific recommendations which are generally followed by the federal government, state governments, and private health insurance companies. Almost every states in the United States mandate immunization, or obtaining an exemption, before children enroll in public school. Exemptions are typically for people who have compromised immune systems, allergies to the components used in vaccinations, …show more content…
All states but California, West Virginia, and Mississippi allow religious exemptions. In addition, there are states that allow parents to cite personal, conscientious or philosophical objections [1]. The existing statute in Minnesota and Louisiana does not explicitly recognize religion as a reason for claiming an exemption, however, as a practical matter, the non-medical exemption may encompass religious beliefs. In Arizona, the personal exemption is for school enrollees. In Missouri, the vaccination is only or child care enrollees only [1]. Vermont became the first state to repeal its personal belief exemption [1]. California similarly removed exemptions based on personal beliefs, which are defined in that state as also including religious objections [1]. Illinois requires each public school district to make exemption data available to the public. It also requires parents or guardians who claim a religious exemption to detail their objections for specific immunizations, obtain a health care provider’s signature, and submit an exemption certificate for each child before kindergarten, sixth and ninth grade. Local school authorities would then determine if the exemption request constitutes valid religious objection, as philosophical exemption is not permitted in Illinois [1]. South Dakota’s new law requires a child’s immunization records to be shared among health care providers, federal and state health …show more content…
It advises physicians to respect the refusal of parents to vaccinate their child after adequate discussion, unless the child is put at significant risk of harm (e.g., during an epidemic, or after a deep and contaminated puncture wound); under such circumstances, the AAP states that parental refusal of immunization constitutes a form of medical neglect and should be reported to state child protective services agencies [3]. However all 50 states have required that parents vaccinate their children against various diseases, including measles, as a prerequisite to enrolling them in public school [6]. Individual state legislation has allowed for certain exceptions to the general rule for mandatory vaccination. The important factors related to immunization delivery vary across different populations. Previous reports have yielded conflicting evidence of the relationship between poverty and under- immunization: some published studies have concluded that poor children have lower immunization rates than non-poor children, while others disagree
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices makes scientific recommendations which are generally followed by the federal government, state governments, and private health insurance companies. Almost every states in the United States mandate immunization, or obtaining an exemption, before children enroll in public school. Exemptions are typically for people who have compromised immune systems, allergies to the components used in vaccinations, …show more content…
All states but California, West Virginia, and Mississippi allow religious exemptions. In addition, there are states that allow parents to cite personal, conscientious or philosophical objections [1]. The existing statute in Minnesota and Louisiana does not explicitly recognize religion as a reason for claiming an exemption, however, as a practical matter, the non-medical exemption may encompass religious beliefs. In Arizona, the personal exemption is for school enrollees. In Missouri, the vaccination is only or child care enrollees only [1]. Vermont became the first state to repeal its personal belief exemption [1]. California similarly removed exemptions based on personal beliefs, which are defined in that state as also including religious objections [1]. Illinois requires each public school district to make exemption data available to the public. It also requires parents or guardians who claim a religious exemption to detail their objections for specific immunizations, obtain a health care provider’s signature, and submit an exemption certificate for each child before kindergarten, sixth and ninth grade. Local school authorities would then determine if the exemption request constitutes valid religious objection, as philosophical exemption is not permitted in Illinois [1]. South Dakota’s new law requires a child’s immunization records to be shared among health care providers, federal and state health …show more content…
It advises physicians to respect the refusal of parents to vaccinate their child after adequate discussion, unless the child is put at significant risk of harm (e.g., during an epidemic, or after a deep and contaminated puncture wound); under such circumstances, the AAP states that parental refusal of immunization constitutes a form of medical neglect and should be reported to state child protective services agencies [3]. However all 50 states have required that parents vaccinate their children against various diseases, including measles, as a prerequisite to enrolling them in public school [6]. Individual state legislation has allowed for certain exceptions to the general rule for mandatory vaccination. The important factors related to immunization delivery vary across different populations. Previous reports have yielded conflicting evidence of the relationship between poverty and under- immunization: some published studies have concluded that poor children have lower immunization rates than non-poor children, while others disagree