Causes Of Schistosomiasis

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Introduction
Schistosomiasis is second only to malaria in the number of people the disease disables or kills around the world(LAPA***). It is a tropical disease that is a major source of morbidity and mortality for developing countries in Africa, South America, the Caribbean, the Middle East, and Asia (LAPA***). In these endemic areas, there are no resources for access of fresh drinking water and adequate sanitation. Therefore, human feces are the main source for spreading of Schistosomiasis. The causative agent of Schistosomiasis is Schistosoma, which is caused by a parasitic worm or a eukaryotic fluke (Colley, 2014). The parasites that bring about schistosomiasis live in specific kinds of freshwater snails. The contagious type of the parasite is known as cercariae. These carcariae arise from the snail, which causes the fresh water to become contaminated. Infection can occur when skin comes into contact with the polluted water. Most human contaminations are brought about by Schistosoma mansoni, S. haematobium (urogenital), or S. japonicum (intestinal) (***). Each species is connected with specific types of snails, so the flukes ' transmission is characterized by
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Intestinal Schistosomiasis occurs with S. Mansori and S. Japonicum infections. Intestinal Schistosomiasis typically presents with chronic or intermittent abdominal pain and associated discomfort. Due to this pain there is a loss of appetite and unusual diarrhea. Diarrhea can be present with or without blood. Hepatic Schistosomiasis also occurs with S. Mansori and S. Japonicum. With this type of infection, we see an enlargement of the liver due to granuloma formation, collagen deposits, fibrosis, and high blood pressure in the veins that carries blood from the digestive organs to the liver. Portal hypertenison is due to the build up of the egg deposits in the portal

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