Abstract
Objective – This case study seeks to explore the current literature recommendations regarding treatment modalities of sarcoidosis induced heart block.
Context – Sarcoidosis is a chronic, inflammatory disease that may affect any organ system. Symptoms tend to be vague and include fatigue, lethargy, weight loss, shortness of breath, a dry and hacking cough, blurry vision, dry eyes, arthritis, and cutaneous manifestations. Though this disease may affect any organ system of body, it most commonly localizes to the lungs, which occurs in 90% of patients [1]. A less frequent outcome of sarcoidosis is cardiac involvement that ranges from asymptomatic conduction abnormalities to fatal ventricular arrhythmias, with clinical manifestation of the disease being present in only 2% to 7% of all diagnoses [2, 3]. Though conduction abnormalities are the most common …show more content…
Histological diagnosis (presence of non-caseating granuloma on myocardial biopsy) in addition to the histologic or clinical diagnosis of extra-cardiac sarcoidosis.
2. Presence of a histologic or clinical diagnosis of extra-cardiac sarcoidosis and a combination of major and minor cardiac criteria. (A minimum of three major criteria or at one major and three minor criteria).
• Major criteria include advanced atrioventricular block, basal thinning of the interventricular septum, cardiac gallium uptake, and left ventricular ejection fraction 40 mg/day of prednisone) compared with those treated with a low dose (35 percent and/or lack of heart failure:
• In patients with cardiac sarcoidosis with an inducible ventricular arrhythmia at electrophysiologic study performed for symptoms (palpitations, syncope, presyncope) and/or nonsustained ventricular arrhythmias (Grade 2C).
• In patients with an established diagnosis of sarcoidosis who have extensive cardiac magnetic resonance late gadolinium enhancement of the left ventricle or PET abnormalities, particularly in those requiring a permanent pacemaker (Grade
Objective – This case study seeks to explore the current literature recommendations regarding treatment modalities of sarcoidosis induced heart block.
Context – Sarcoidosis is a chronic, inflammatory disease that may affect any organ system. Symptoms tend to be vague and include fatigue, lethargy, weight loss, shortness of breath, a dry and hacking cough, blurry vision, dry eyes, arthritis, and cutaneous manifestations. Though this disease may affect any organ system of body, it most commonly localizes to the lungs, which occurs in 90% of patients [1]. A less frequent outcome of sarcoidosis is cardiac involvement that ranges from asymptomatic conduction abnormalities to fatal ventricular arrhythmias, with clinical manifestation of the disease being present in only 2% to 7% of all diagnoses [2, 3]. Though conduction abnormalities are the most common …show more content…
Histological diagnosis (presence of non-caseating granuloma on myocardial biopsy) in addition to the histologic or clinical diagnosis of extra-cardiac sarcoidosis.
2. Presence of a histologic or clinical diagnosis of extra-cardiac sarcoidosis and a combination of major and minor cardiac criteria. (A minimum of three major criteria or at one major and three minor criteria).
• Major criteria include advanced atrioventricular block, basal thinning of the interventricular septum, cardiac gallium uptake, and left ventricular ejection fraction 40 mg/day of prednisone) compared with those treated with a low dose (35 percent and/or lack of heart failure:
• In patients with cardiac sarcoidosis with an inducible ventricular arrhythmia at electrophysiologic study performed for symptoms (palpitations, syncope, presyncope) and/or nonsustained ventricular arrhythmias (Grade 2C).
• In patients with an established diagnosis of sarcoidosis who have extensive cardiac magnetic resonance late gadolinium enhancement of the left ventricle or PET abnormalities, particularly in those requiring a permanent pacemaker (Grade