S. aureus was inhibited by Lysol and Scope. b. The tests that were performed were not effective in distinguishing between bacteriostatic and bactericidal agents. The zone of inhibition may have been a result of both bacteriostatic and/or bactericidal properties. The disinfectants/antiseptics may have prohibited the bacteria from growing in the zone of inhibition, or cells that were able to grow initially could have been killed after they began to grow.…
Florida Beaches Home Vibrio vulnificus In the months of April and May, eight Vibrio vulnificus cases were reported with two of them resulting in death this year (Galimberti). Vibrio vulnificus is a flesh-eating bacteria that thrives in areas of warm water, lakes, rivers, and oceans. Florida beaches tend to be hot during the summer and autumn which makes Florida beaches a great place for Vibrio vulnificus to live in.…
Introduction Over thousands of microorganisms discovered cause human diseases. One of the infectious microorganisms is the spirochete bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, which belongs to the genus Borrelia and family Spirochaetaceae. According to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), B. burgdorferi was first isolated in 1982 by a zoologist and microbiologist Willy Burgdorfer, Ph.D., thus the name burgdorferi. Lyme disease, which is caused by the bacterium B. burgdorferi, was first recognized in 1977 when an unusually large numbers of children were being diagnosed with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis in Lyme, Connecticut (NIH 2008).…
Bacillus anthraces is an intense irresistible malady brought on by Bacillus anthraces, a spore shaping, gram-positive bacillus. Related malady happens most much of the time in sheep, goats, and dairy cattle, which get spores through ingestion of polluted soil. People can get to be tainted through skin contact, ingestion, or inward breath of B. anthraces spores from contaminated creatures or creature items (as in "fleece sorter's infection" from introduction to goat hair). Individual to-individual transmission of inward breath ailment does not happen. Direct introduction to vesicle discharges of cutaneous Bacillus anthraces injuries may bring about auxiliary cutaneous disease.…
“Staphylococcus aureus” Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium. This organism belongs to the Kingdom Eubacteria. This bacterium is in the Bacilli class. Staphylococcus aureus is a member of Firmicutes. S. aureus appearances is a grape like clusters when observed with a microscope.…
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram positive bacterium found as a commensal in humans. Nosocomial S. aureus infections are of major concern because of their serious complications, like bacteremia (blood infection), endocarditis, osteomyelitis (bone infection), skin and soft tissue infections etc. The overall rate of mortality from Staphylococcalbacteremia ranges from 11 to 43 percent, primarily due to the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains. S. aureus infections are now the most common cause for children being hospitalized for surgical drainage of pus, the most common cause of bacteremia in people over 65 years old, and the most serious cause of prosthetic device and intravascular line infection. Risk factors for infection include disruption…
The study seem promising in repressing MRSA, yet resulting investigations necessary to concentrate on the pharmacokinetic properties of the fraction and its association with Ampicillin in an in-vivo model. Aside from this, the communications of F-10 with the regulatory genes, mecI-mecRI-mecR2 and their resultant protein prompting the inhibition phenomenon stays to be unsolved and requires furthur testing (8).…
The unknown bacterium n.19 was the Staphylococcus aureus. The hypothesis was accepted because the Staphylococcus aureus was one of the two bacteria mentioned in the introduction that can have beta hemolysis. The results concurred with the information gathered in the introduction. S. aureus is a spherical gram-positive bacterium and grows in pairs, short chain or clusters. It is a facultative anaerobe and opportunistic pathogen.…
Leukocidins are S.aureus toxins consist of two separate monomeric subunits which have the ability to bind to leukocyte membrane forming β barrel pores that extend through the phospholipid bilayer leading to lysis of leukocyte (fig. 1). There are six known leucocidins (lukED, lukSF, HlgAB, HlgCB, LukAB/HG and LukMFʹ). All S.aureus strains can produce three types of leukocidins at least (LukAB/HG, HlgAB, and HlgCB). Also, all leucocidins can infect human except LukMFʹ which can detected on isolates separated from ruminants and other mammals but not humans (Alonzo et al., 2013).…
The genera Streptococcus and Enterococcus both consist of Gram-positive cocci that are typically arranged in pairs or chains during growth.5 These bacteria are non-spore forming, facultative anaerobes.1, 5,6 While some are important members of the normal human microbiota, others are pathogenic and cause human diseases.1, 6 Thus far, the classification of these bacteria into major categories has been based on: 1. Serologic specificity of the cell wall group antigens (Lancefield antigens) and other cell wall or capsular antigens 2. Hemolytic reactions on blood agar 3. Biochemical reactions and resistance to physical and chemical factors 1,4,5-8 However, the genera Streptococcus and Enterococcus (which is an extension of the Streptococcus genus) are widely heterogeneous group and no one method suffices to classify them.1…
The bacteria named Vibrio vulnificus also known as the flesh-eating bacteria could make you never want to take a dip in the Gulf of Mexico, lakes, or even rivers again. Of all the individuals infected a variety of symptoms have been reported including chills, diarrhea, fever, also skin lesions, lowered blood pressure, and pain. Howard Cohen of the Miami Herald writes, the Florida Department of Health reported since 2008 this flesh-eating bacteria has infected 346 people and about a third of the individuals who contracted these waterborne bacteria have died (Cohen, 2018). Cohen (2018) discovered, this past year the bacteria infected forty-nine individuals in Florida with 11 deaths, an increase from 2016 when 10 people died after 46 came down with the illness whose bacteria commonly dwell in warm, brackish water, but not oceans. Furthermore, Miami-Dade saw three cases in this 10-year time period, with 3 fatalities.…
Health care-acquired infection (HCAI) is a foremost problem for patient safety and its surveillance. Prevention of HCAI has got to be the first main concern for settings and institutions dedicated to making health care safer. The impact of HCAI implies extended hospital stay, long-term disability, increased antimicrobials resistance of microorganisms, massive extra economic load, high expenses for patients and their families, and excess mortalities ( Boyce J., 2009). In the USA, 10%, or 2 million, patients a year become infected (HCAI), with the annual cost ranging from $4.5 billion to $11 billion. The most frequent type of infection hospital-wide is urinary tract infection (36%), followed by surgical site infection (20%), and bloodstream infection and pneumonia (both 11%)(World Health Organization, 2009).…
Genital Herpes (Hawkins, J., et al, 2014) Primary Infections can present multiples lesions in both males and females. It is most commonly seen in the male’s penis, buttocks, thighs and females’ labia, fourchette, cervix, buttocks, thigh, nipples. -Myalgia -Arthralgia -Malaise -Fever, lymphadenopathy -Dysuria on both males and females -Dyspareunia -Headaches (can be a sign of Herpes Meningitis) If this is a recurrent genital lesions- it is less painful, no systemic symptoms , unilateral and will present with prodromal symptoms like itching, burning and/or tingling at site where lesions appear.…
S. aureus is an organism usually found to colonize many species of animals, including humans. About 20-40% of the human populations are carriers and some are intermediate and persistent carriers (Foster, 2009; Williams, 1963). The colonization difference shows that host factors are very important for successful colonization of bacteria. Staphylococcus Aureus can cause infection, normally at sites where host resistance lowered such as skin damaged or mucosal membranes. The bacteria possess numerous factors that are associated with cells and extracellular virulence, some of these factors contributes to the ability of the organism to invade and to overcome the defence of host immune and to colonize the tissue (Foster, 2009).…
Seasonal influenza is a common cause of lower respiratory tract infections that annually effect a large portion of the population. These infections typically range from mild to moderate in severity, however life-threatening cases can occur. Frequently, complications associated with influenza infections are due to secondary bacterial pneumonia predominately caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Staphylococcus aureus (Rynda-Apple, Robinson, & Alcorn, 2015). Many efforts to resolve this pathology have focused on the immunomoldulatory effects incurred during the primary influenza infection while little attention has been directed toward whether bacterial physiology and gene regulation change during influenza infection. Approximately 30% of the population in developed countries are persistent asymptomatic carriers of S. aureus within the nares and an additional 16% are classified as intermittent carriers (Nouwen et al., 2004).…