• Home Page
  • Routine Activity Theory, Crime Pattern Analysis And Rational Choice Theory

Routine Activity Theory, Crime Pattern Analysis And Rational Choice Theory

Improved Essays
Show More
The first key feature of crime science I outline is its area of study, that is, reducing crime. Crime science embraces several theories providing the best explanations that would help reduce crime rates. Because of that, crime science is essentially seen as outcome-focused. Crime reduction may be achieved by preventing crime from happening in the first place or by catching the offenders more quickly and reliably after the event (detection). In 2002 Ron Clarke found several theories especially important for crime science: routine activity theory, crime pattern analysis and rational choice theory. All of them perceive situational contingencies, crime opportunities, and proximal circumstances as causes of crime and see focusing on them as a key

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Modern Criminological Theories
    • 925 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Modern Criminological Theories

    Major crime theories include; Temperament and Trait Biology theory, Personality and Trait Psychological theory, Psychoanalytic theory, Behaviorist theory, Social Learning theory, Cognitive theory, Social-Cognitive theory, and the Humanist/Interactionist theory. All criminologists, regardless of theoretical orientation, agree on some factors. First, they all recognize the importance of psychological development factors. Second, they are interested in the ways in which aggression and violence are learned through modeling and direct experience.…

    • 925 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
    Read More
  • Improved Essays

    Routine Activities Theory Analysis
    • 416 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Routine Activities Theory Analysis

    Routine activity approach is the study of the human offender or the most likely to commit crime when there is a target, and no capable guardian. It was proposed and coined by Lawrence Cohen and Marcus Felson in 1979 (Miller, 2006: 81). Cohen and Felson based their theory on a rational choice model, in which people make rational decisions in ways that will be to their advantage, with as little disadvantage as possible (Akers, 2004: 26). It is a subfield of criminology and rational choice. The development of this theory was in response to the surge of crime rate in the united between 1947 and 1974(Cohen, 1979: 588).…

    • 416 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
    Read More
  • Improved Essays

    Rational Choice Theory Of Crime
    • 1172 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Rational Choice Theory Of Crime

    Criminologists who believe in this theory also state that perceived violation benefits outweighs the punishment of committing a crime for a criminal. The theory implies that an increment of punishment severity would lower crime rate(Causes of Crime-ODU).Two subcategories of Choice Theory are Rational Choice Theory and Routine Activity Theory. Rational Choice Theory is the idea that societal behaviour patterns reflect individual choices and the pros and cons of their actions(Causes of Crime-ODU). Whereas Routine Activity Theory focuses on the likelihood of crimes occurring in certain situations(Causes of Crime-ODU). For example, you are more likely to be robbed on the streets than in a locked…

    • 1172 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
    Read More
  • Improved Essays

    Situation Crime Prevention (SCP)
    • 488 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Situation Crime Prevention (SCP)

    The participation to prevent crime from happening or simple as crime prevention can achieved in two ways: by changing the nature of the offenders or decreasing his or her opportunities. Go back in 1983; Ronald Clarke primarily separated crime prevention approaches into three different categories: degree of surveillance, environmental management and target hardening method. (Clarke, 1983:223) In 2003, Clarke together with Cornish increased the techniques to twenty-five by adding another different categories focusing on reducing opportunities of crime and provocations. And the twenty-five techniques categorized under five areas.…

    • 488 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
    Read More
  • Great Essays

    Realism In Crime
    • 1544 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Realism In Crime

    Studying crime is an interesting topic because there are so many theories surrounding why people commit crimes. Although there are several theories pertaining to crime, there are few that stand out when exploring criminal activities. Theories such as strain theory or differential association theory are based around a persons surroundings, that those surroundings are what causes them to commit crimes. Although these theories make extremely good arguments, they suggest that others are to blame for criminal activities and not the person who commits the crime. Realism however, looks at the individual who committed the crime as the person at fault.…

    • 1544 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
    Read More
  • Superior Essays

    Rational Choice Theory And Situational Crime Prevention (SCP)
    • 1224 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Rational Choice Theory And Situational Crime Prevention (SCP)

    Combined with the fact Hayward’s study seemed less researched made it a little less trustworthy. It seems to be that rational choice theory, and situational crime prevention are the best theories out there, although they do need some…

    • 1224 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
    Read More
  • Superior Essays

    The Importance Of Crime In California
    • 1356 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The Importance Of Crime In California

    “Crime reduction interventions should be tailored to the degree to which high crime is the result of prevalence or concentration” (Rogerson, 446). We should try to concentrate on a specific crime and work on from there, because if we try to stop the most dangerous of crimes, it may put innocent citizens at…

    • 1356 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
    Read More
  • Improved Essays

    Chicago School Theory
    • 635 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Chicago School Theory

    This approach was used an action-research model. It assumed that offenders make decisions that are broadly rational. This research model was designed in reference to individual offenders that do not meet the criteria for success. The situational crime prevention theory can be associated to Ronald Clarke (Bohm and Vogel, 2011). Clarke argued that crime reduction can be reduced when physical opportunities to commit crimes and the increasing risks of getting caught are implemented (Hohm and Vogel, 2011).…

    • 635 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
    Read More
  • Improved Essays

    Theories Of Social Crime Theory
    • 2208 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Theories Of Social Crime Theory

    Introduction “He who does not prevent a crime when he can, encourages it”, a quote from Lucius Annaeus Seneca that helps describe how society views and “prevents” crime. Criminal theories attempt to construct views on how to prevent and fight crime but often the criminal justice system is working against society. The two theories that are explained within are the social learning theory and rational choice theory. These theories will construct views as to how and why the seven crimes are committed using the concepts within the theories.…

    • 2208 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Improved Essays
    Read More
  • Improved Essays

    Compare And Contrast Classical And Biological Positivism
    • 1226 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Compare And Contrast Classical And Biological Positivism

    Introduction: There are many unique theories as to why humans commit crime, engage with others in crime, and are lured or motivated by a criminal lifestyle. By studying these theories, one is afforded a chance to develop and then test potential solutions to this enormous social problem that has afflicted humanity since the beginning of time. The various ways of deterring, controlling, preventing, and punishing crime throughout history has changed drastically. Attempting to attack the problem of crime head on, has not worked; so developing different ways to learn why, adapt, and address the root causes of crime is the current strategy. One very important point is that the structural frameworks and contributions from both classical school of…

    • 1226 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
    Read More
  • Great Essays

    Correctional Ideology
    • 1878 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Correctional Ideology

    However, crime is impossible to totally prevent in society. “Crime in some form is an inevitable accompaniment in society and if serious crime were prevented, authorities would focus their attention om minor offenses” (Allen 57). This correlates to major crimes. If they were prevented, smaller crimes would become highly punishable, which would likely cause rates of…

    • 1878 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
    Read More
  • Improved Essays

    Essay On Routine Activities Theory
    • 503 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Essay On Routine Activities Theory

    The routine activities theory is a unique way to explain a crime. This theory examines the environmental context in which crimes occur. It involves the behavioral patterns of people in time who decide the outcome of when and where the particular crime occurs. I will discuss and break down the elements of this theory and provide examples as well.…

    • 503 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
    Read More
  • Superior Essays

    Criminology Reflective Essay
    • 1262 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Criminology Reflective Essay

    In this essay I will reflect on the few assumptions and understandings I had about crime and see how they have changed. Upon arriving at De Montfort University to study Criminology and Criminal Justice, I had average knowledge about crime and punishment i.e. insight into biological and psychological perspectives of crime having studied A-level Law and Psychology beforehand. However I did expect to delve so deep into the history and other aspects of Criminology during this first semester. During A-level Law I have read many case studies of murder, manslaughter, GBH, rape etc. I found the main reasons behind committing these crimes were usually motives for revenge, loss of control, hate, rage, and biological inheritance of 'criminal genes ' such as Monoamine oxidase A which makes individuals more prone to exert violence.…

    • 1262 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
    Read More
  • Superior Essays

    Criminology And Rational Choice Theory
    • 1142 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Criminology And Rational Choice Theory

    Summary Criminology studies the reasoning and factors as to why individuals engage in criminal activities. In classical criminology, social philosophers Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham developed a theory of crime that criminologist and theorist still use today (Akers 2017). In classical criminology, an individual commits a crime by making a rational decision. That decision is based off of whether the benefits that one might receive by offending outweighs the consequences such as being caught and cited or sentenced. Individuals base their decision to offend or not offend on what they have seen others suffer, their knowledge of what consequences they may endure and their own personal experiences.…

    • 1142 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
    Read More
  • Improved Essays

    Criminological Theories Of Crime Essay
    • 918 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Criminological Theories Of Crime Essay

    People who commit crime are often influenced by something, whether it is by genetic, environment, social or decision making factors. Criminologists study the criminological perspectives to help them to determine how and why the crime occurred. There are many different theories about what causes crime. A few of the criminological perspectives are trait, social and classical theories. Trait theory of criminology is when people commit crimes because of certain personality traits.…

    • 918 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
    Read More

Related Topics

Ready To Get Started?
Discover
Company
Follow
©2024 Cram.com
Privacy Policy |  About Ads |  Site Map |  Advertise  | 
  • Cookie Settings