They differ because the Role Congruity Theory focuses on the socialization factors that may decrease retention in STEM fields, narrowing in on the idea that people do not like to upset societal gender norms. This can help explain why women aren’t interested in joining STEM. Whereas the Embeddedness Theory and the Expectancy-value model focus on the factors. Both social and personal factors that could potentially increase women’s retention in STEM. They both focus on what factors motivate women. Knowing these in relation to STEM fields could in turn increase the overall interest and participation on these fields.
Researchers used different methodology to study each theory. To study the Role Congruity Theory researchers used undergraduates from …show more content…
They used a sample of “100,000 respondents, under the age of 76, who identified as having a Bachelors degree in any degree field from the 2000 Census” (Hanson 2013: 5). The NSCG over oversample for minority groups, such as women, they weigh the results when they do this. Hanson analyzed data on 91,872 respondents who reported a degree in STEM (Hanson 2013:5). She also analyzed “70,378 respondents who reported an occupation” (Hanson 2013:5). They examined STEM degrees by “area of mot recent degree” and STEM occupations, by “current (or most recent) major occupational group” (Hanson 2013: 5). These variables are then coded as STEM or non-STEM. The dependent variables in this study were “presence or absence of a STEM degree and occupation” (Hanson 2013: 6). The finding found that “all gender differences on the STEM degree variable show a male advantage. The odds for Latino women getting a STEM degree reduced by .52 and African American’s reduced to .71” (Hanson 2013:6). “As for degree outcome, gender differences in odds of achieving a STEM occupation are greatest among Latinos and least among African American” (Hanson 2013: …show more content…
Gender socialization is so broad that it allows for many different viewpoints of the same topic. One theorist could be using Role congruity theory to analyze how people conforming to their societal gender roles effects their participation in STEM, while another theorist could be looking at how being expected to do well, and valuing doing well, could effect STEM participation and overall perception in STEM, and yet both would be using gender socialization to analyze the topic. In spite of the fact that gender socialization allows for a variety of theories to be used, it doesn’t always account for the gender gap between women. By using an intersectional approach researchers have been able to bridge this gap a little. There still is not extensive research done on minorities in STEM, but there are a few and that is a start. There are some weaknesses within the intersectional approach, “intersectional approach has suffered from an almost exclusive focus on intersectionally defined identities and groups” (Hunt 2012:
Researchers used different methodology to study each theory. To study the Role Congruity Theory researchers used undergraduates from …show more content…
They used a sample of “100,000 respondents, under the age of 76, who identified as having a Bachelors degree in any degree field from the 2000 Census” (Hanson 2013: 5). The NSCG over oversample for minority groups, such as women, they weigh the results when they do this. Hanson analyzed data on 91,872 respondents who reported a degree in STEM (Hanson 2013:5). She also analyzed “70,378 respondents who reported an occupation” (Hanson 2013:5). They examined STEM degrees by “area of mot recent degree” and STEM occupations, by “current (or most recent) major occupational group” (Hanson 2013: 5). These variables are then coded as STEM or non-STEM. The dependent variables in this study were “presence or absence of a STEM degree and occupation” (Hanson 2013: 6). The finding found that “all gender differences on the STEM degree variable show a male advantage. The odds for Latino women getting a STEM degree reduced by .52 and African American’s reduced to .71” (Hanson 2013:6). “As for degree outcome, gender differences in odds of achieving a STEM occupation are greatest among Latinos and least among African American” (Hanson 2013: …show more content…
Gender socialization is so broad that it allows for many different viewpoints of the same topic. One theorist could be using Role congruity theory to analyze how people conforming to their societal gender roles effects their participation in STEM, while another theorist could be looking at how being expected to do well, and valuing doing well, could effect STEM participation and overall perception in STEM, and yet both would be using gender socialization to analyze the topic. In spite of the fact that gender socialization allows for a variety of theories to be used, it doesn’t always account for the gender gap between women. By using an intersectional approach researchers have been able to bridge this gap a little. There still is not extensive research done on minorities in STEM, but there are a few and that is a start. There are some weaknesses within the intersectional approach, “intersectional approach has suffered from an almost exclusive focus on intersectionally defined identities and groups” (Hunt 2012: