confront offenders alone and make arrests (Joyce, 2011) In contrast, the methods of response policing model, has provided considerable benefit. Strategic approaches to policing in England and Wales provided technological data measurements of efficiency, which consequently aided management of police out-put without increasing staff. However, Jordan (1988) cited in Joyce (2011) argues, the response model lacks efficiency at effectively deterring crime. Lord Scarman was also critical of the response model in the Scarman Report (1981), and argues that Police Officers have become detached and remote from their community.
Herman Goldstein introduced the Problem Orientated Policing (POP) approach and replaced patrolling by responding to crime when it was reported. Police departments made key decisions to target specific crimes by increasing the use of computers, cars and communication technology. Police work became strategic and intensified activities against particular groups of offenders. For instance, drug dealers or those committing organised crimes are targeted and resources are focused on that area. Bullock and Tilley (2003) suggests the premise of the model, is to deal effectively with recurring problems, …show more content…
New strategies to ‘punishment’ such as, ‘community punishments’ have emerged in the aim of creating diversions from custody. Consequently, new penology advances have separated social work training from probation officer training. Late modernity has seen the identity of the probation officer evolve, from ‘case manager’ to ‘offender manager’, to enable them to manage the risks associated with ‘dangerous offenders’. The probation services’ main priority and focus is therefore, public protection and managing risk. Consequently, probation officers now manage the ‘risk of re-offending’ and the ‘risk of
Herman Goldstein introduced the Problem Orientated Policing (POP) approach and replaced patrolling by responding to crime when it was reported. Police departments made key decisions to target specific crimes by increasing the use of computers, cars and communication technology. Police work became strategic and intensified activities against particular groups of offenders. For instance, drug dealers or those committing organised crimes are targeted and resources are focused on that area. Bullock and Tilley (2003) suggests the premise of the model, is to deal effectively with recurring problems, …show more content…
New strategies to ‘punishment’ such as, ‘community punishments’ have emerged in the aim of creating diversions from custody. Consequently, new penology advances have separated social work training from probation officer training. Late modernity has seen the identity of the probation officer evolve, from ‘case manager’ to ‘offender manager’, to enable them to manage the risks associated with ‘dangerous offenders’. The probation services’ main priority and focus is therefore, public protection and managing risk. Consequently, probation officers now manage the ‘risk of re-offending’ and the ‘risk of