The investigation looked into different patterns of behaviour of a rooster, who had learnt to peck at three different coloured keys on schedules of reinforcement. The left red key related to the fixed interval (FI), the white middle key for the variable interval (VI) and the right green key for the differential reinforcement (DRL) for a total of 270 seconds, 90 seconds per key schedule. The importance of operant conditioning allowed for control over timing and when a positive reinforcement was given in order to encourage the appropriate behaviour and when it was withheld. The rooster was immediately reinforced with pellets after the appropriate behaviour was seen. The law of effect is a principle that was developed by Edward L. Thorndike that
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(Kosslyn, S., et al., 2014) Schedules of reinforcement are types of schedules that can be chosen from fixed interval to variable ratios in order to condition humans and non-humans on what is acceptable and not acceptable behaviour so that behavioural responses can be acquired or eliminated. Schedules can be related to both human and non-humans. However, non-humans are more easily influenced by schedules than humans, although humans can be more susceptible to a certain type of schedules whether is it conscious or not. Kosslyn, S., et al, (2014) indicated that humans receiving chemotherapy can see an unrelated stimulus that relates to an unpleasant experience of chemotherapy can provoke involuntary. Fixed interval schedule (FI) is where a participant must wait for a certain interval period before receiving reinforcement, for example, FI 10 means that ten seconds must pass before the reinforcement is available, however, the participant must respond during the interval period before the reinforcement is …show more content…
For example, a participant must wait at least eight seconds before a response can be made for the reinforcement to be obtained. Publication one talked about the effects of exercise on three obese and three non-obese 11-year-old boys during the course of five sessions per week for a total of 12 weeks from Monday to Friday on stationary exercise bicycles. Each participant was given thirty minutes “To exercise for as much as you want to” (De Luca, Rayleen V., Holborn, Stephan W). During the ninth session, variable ratio reinforcement was given out to each participant. As the weeks progressed each participant showed increases in exercising, this trend can be seen in the rooster experiment, as the reinforcements were at a consistent rate. The second publication talked about the effects that cocaine had on six White Carneau pigeons. Each pigeon was singularly housed in controlled temperature environments and were provided with basic necessities in order to stay healthy. The pigeons were then trained to respond to different colours of light, by pecking at the required light under different schedules and were then reinforced with food. Once the control was established, each pigeon was given doses of cocaine hydrochloride throughout the week before each testing. The results showed a decrease in responses for the pigeons, this is also a similar trend for the fixed
(Kosslyn, S., et al., 2014) Schedules of reinforcement are types of schedules that can be chosen from fixed interval to variable ratios in order to condition humans and non-humans on what is acceptable and not acceptable behaviour so that behavioural responses can be acquired or eliminated. Schedules can be related to both human and non-humans. However, non-humans are more easily influenced by schedules than humans, although humans can be more susceptible to a certain type of schedules whether is it conscious or not. Kosslyn, S., et al, (2014) indicated that humans receiving chemotherapy can see an unrelated stimulus that relates to an unpleasant experience of chemotherapy can provoke involuntary. Fixed interval schedule (FI) is where a participant must wait for a certain interval period before receiving reinforcement, for example, FI 10 means that ten seconds must pass before the reinforcement is available, however, the participant must respond during the interval period before the reinforcement is …show more content…
For example, a participant must wait at least eight seconds before a response can be made for the reinforcement to be obtained. Publication one talked about the effects of exercise on three obese and three non-obese 11-year-old boys during the course of five sessions per week for a total of 12 weeks from Monday to Friday on stationary exercise bicycles. Each participant was given thirty minutes “To exercise for as much as you want to” (De Luca, Rayleen V., Holborn, Stephan W). During the ninth session, variable ratio reinforcement was given out to each participant. As the weeks progressed each participant showed increases in exercising, this trend can be seen in the rooster experiment, as the reinforcements were at a consistent rate. The second publication talked about the effects that cocaine had on six White Carneau pigeons. Each pigeon was singularly housed in controlled temperature environments and were provided with basic necessities in order to stay healthy. The pigeons were then trained to respond to different colours of light, by pecking at the required light under different schedules and were then reinforced with food. Once the control was established, each pigeon was given doses of cocaine hydrochloride throughout the week before each testing. The results showed a decrease in responses for the pigeons, this is also a similar trend for the fixed