Refractory Follicular Lymphoma

Improved Essays
Causes of Relapsed/Refractory Follicular Lymphoma
By Liji Thomas, MD
Follicular lymphoma (FL) is an indolent tumor of the lymphatic system which may often remain inactive for years before undergoing transformation into an aggressive tumor.
After treatment, a high percentage of patients fail to respond, and these tumors are categorized as refractory lymphomas. Some respond with an initial positive change, but then develop signs of recurrent tumor, called relapsed follicular lymphoma.
What causes patients to enter either of these categories is as yet unknown, but older people above the age of 60 years at the age of diagnosis are known to have a much higher risk of relapse and transformation. Other possible factors include advanced stage at

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Affected individuals do not necessarily start showing signs of the disease until around 30 years of…

    • 403 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Rotator cuff impingement is what happens when the tendons and bursa in the sub-acromial/suprahumeral area are compacted together. Compression can initiate painful friction, stress and mechanical wear on the shoulder. Classic signs and symptoms include pain when flexing or abducting the shoulder above 80 degrees and weakness in the shoulder muscles, which are often detected when the patient is given the Hawkins-Kennedy and Neer impingement tests. This impingement disorder mostly stems from athletes and individuals whose jobs require constant overhead lifting, but can also be the result of an unstable glenohumeral joint caused by aging or tendon pathologies. Because there are multiple causes of rotator cuff impingement, it is classified into two categories; primary and secondary.…

    • 518 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Etiology: Unfortunately, the causes of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) is unknown. The reason that this particular cancer form is due to an increase in lymphocyte replication. It causes the cells to grow and divide making the lymph nodes larger. Due to the unknown cause of NHL, the risk factors are not obvious but there are risk factors that could increase the risk of NHL for example, a history of autoimmune disease, age (60 years or older), infection particularly HIV, Epstein-Barr virus or Helicobacter pylori, and exposure to certain chemicals particularly pesticides.…

    • 222 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Lacteals Lacteals absorb fats from food passing through the small intestine in the villi. Spleen The spleen is the largest organ in the lymphatic system, it is important for maintaining a balance between body fluids. It is located below the ribcage, above the stomach. The function of it is to filter the blood of any foreign invaders, provide a reservoir of oxygen (rich blood) and to dispose of worn out erythrocytes.…

    • 1442 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Relapsed/Refractory Follicular Lymphoma Response Evaluation By Liji Thomas, MD Relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma (FL) is a condition that requires a careful selection of treatment options. It often occurs in older people, who may have significant comorbidities, or who may have more advanced grades or stages of the cancer. Various treatment schedules are thus used in relapsed or refractory lymphoma, which must be evaluated for evidence and amplitude of response. This may begin with imaging, which should be carried out in the middle and at the completion of the chemotherapy.…

    • 587 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Overview Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is any cancer that begins within the lymphatic system. Normally old white blood cells, called lymphocytes, die while new ones are produced. In non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, old cells instead multiply and divide. The body starts to accumulate large numbers of these abnormal cells, and this often leads to the formation of tumors. There are various types of this condition, including diffuse large and marginal B-cell lymphomas, follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, and peripheral T-cell lymphomas.…

    • 313 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In some cases, the cause may not be known. RISK FACTORS This condition is more likely to develop in: Women.…

    • 394 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Polycystic Kidney Disease

    • 156 Words
    • 1 Pages

    Polycystic kidney disease presents in two forms: autosomal recessive, which typically presents at birth; and autosomal dominant, which presents later in life. Regardless of the onset, the disease progresses in the same manner. Clusters of cysts develop in the kidneys, but may also occur in the liver, pancreas and spleen, gradually taking over the normal tissue thus robbing the kidney of its function. PKD affects approximately 1 in 500 people with no regard to race, ethnic origin, sex, or age.…

    • 156 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    What is Mononucleosis? Mononucleosis or “The Kissing Disease” is a viral infection which causes swollen lymph nodes, fever, and sore throat. Causes The Kissing Disease is caused by contact of saliva from an infected person to another person; it can also be spread through contact by an infected person. This disease is not commonly infected by other diseases.…

    • 856 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.01 Background, Epidemiology, Etiology and Pathology Background: Bladder cancer is a common malignancy in the world. It ranks ninth in worldwide cancer incidence and it is the seventh common malignancy in male. It is the second most common malignancy of the genitourinary tract worldwide in male after prostate cancer. It affects men more than women in a ratio of 3 - 4:1 (1, 2).…

    • 1450 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    VII. The sad truth is that the disease is irreversible. A. Visual Aid: P/P Slide 9 B. But the good news is that the progression of the stages can be slowed down if the patient is diagnosed early on.…

    • 1031 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    Hodgkins Lymphoma Essay

    • 2143 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Hodgkins Lyphoma According to the American Cancer Society more than 8,500 americans are diagnosed with Hodgkins Lymphoma each year occurring in people aged between 16 and 34 years of age and those over the age of 55. Lymphoma is a term defined as a type of cancer that develops in the lymphatic system which is part of our immune system. Hodgkins Lymphoma starts off by first developing in the white blood cells, developing in the lymph nodes and then spreading to any organ which includes the skin and bone marrow. To better understand Hodgkins Lymphoma we will take an in depth look as to how this disease is categorized, the different treatments currently available with how they affect the body and current studies that show newer techniques for…

    • 2143 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Its symptoms are described as having ALS, Parkinson’s & Alzheimer’s simultaneously. Symptoms usually appear between the ages 30 to 50 and worsen over a 10 to 25 year period. Ultimately, the weakened patient succumbs to pneumonia, heart failure, or other complications.…

    • 84 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Name: Hiatal hernia Outline: A hiatal hernia happens when the upper piece of your stomach pushes up through your stomach and into you're midsection. The stomach is an extensive muscle that lies between your midriff and midsection. You utilize this muscle to help you relax.…

    • 597 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Alzheimer's Disease Essay

    • 1248 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Once a person is diagnosed with AD they can live for an additional four to twenty years…

    • 1248 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays